Period- and mirror-maps for the quartic K3

Structure of families (Picard-Lefschetz, monodromy, etc.) (14D05) Variation of Hodge structures (algebro-geometric aspects) (14D07) (K3) surfaces and Enriques surfaces (14J28) Mirror symmetry (algebro-geometric aspects) (14J33) Symplectic aspects of mirror symmetry, homological mirror symmetry, and Fukaya category (53D37)

Abstract: We study in detail mirror symmetry for the quartic K3 surface in P3 and the mirror family obtained by the orbifold construction. As explained by Aspinwall and Morrison, mirror symmetry for K3 surfaces can be entirely described in terms of Hodge structures. (1) We give an explicit computation of the Hodge structures and period maps for these families of K3 surfaces. (2) We identify a mirror map, i.e. an isomorphism between the complex and symplectic deformation parameters, and explicit isomorphisms between the Hodge structures at these points. (3) We show compatibility of our mirror map with the one defined by Morrison near the point of maximal unipotent monodromy. Our results rely on earlier work by Narumiyah-Shiga, Dolgachev and Nagura-Sugiyama.

Review text

The paper gives a detailed description of mirror symmetry, in terms of Hodge structures, between quartic \(K3\) surfaces in projective space and the Dwork family of \(K3\) surfaces. More precisely, given a \(K3\) surface, we can endow integral cohomology with two different Hodge structures. The first one \(H_{A}\) depends only on the choice of Kähler form on X; the second \(H_{B}\) depends on its complex structure. \textit{P. S. Aspinwall} and \textit{D. R. Morrison} [AMS/IP Stud. Adv. Math. 1, 703--716 (1997; Zbl 0931.14020)] have described how mirror symmetry between two varieties \(X\) and \(X'\) can be seen as a Hodge isometry between \(H_A(X)\) and \(H_B(X')\). In this paper, \(X\) and \(X'\) are as follows: \(X_p\) is a family of quartic surfaces in projective space whose volume form is parametrized by a multiplicative factor \(p\); \(X'_t\) is the \(K3\) surface obtained as a fiber of the Dwork family \[ \left\{\sum_{i=0}^3 z_i^4 - 4 t z_0 z_1 z_2 z_3=0\right\}_{t\in\mathbb{C}} \] after taking a suitable resolution of a quotient by \(\mu_4\). The author provide an explicit condition on \(t\) and \(p\) for \(X_{p}\) and \(X'_{t}\) to be mirrors, namely \[ \exp(2\pi p) = w + 104 w ^2 + 15188 w ^3 + 2585184 w ^4 + 480222434 w ^5 + \ldots \] where \(w = \frac{1}{(4t)^{4}}\). To establish the correspondence, the author computes the period maps for both families of surfaces and picks isomorphism between the Hodge structures at mirror points. He then proceeds to show that near points of maximal unipotent monodromy, this map is compatible with the Morrison mirror map [\textit{D. R. Morrison}, in: Essays on mirror manifolds. Cambridge, MA: International Press. 241--264 (1992; Zbl 0841.32013)].

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