Multiplier sequences for simple sets of polynomials

DOI10.1007/S10474-012-0222-7MaRDI QIDQ2392062zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 6 August 2013

Published in Acta Mathematica Hungarica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1108.5627

partitioning multiplier sequences simple sets of polynomials

Zeros of polynomials, rational functions, and other analytic functions of one complex variable (e.g., zeros of functions with bounded Dirichlet integral) (30C15)

Abstract: In this paper we give a new characterization of simple sets of polynomials B with the property that the set of B-multiplier sequences contains all Q-multiplier sequence for every simple set Q. We characterize sequences of real numbers which are multiplier sequences for every simple set Q, and obtain some results toward the partitioning of the set of classical multiplier sequences.

Review text

One of the fundamental problems in the theory of distribution of zeros of entire functions is to characterize the linear operators, \(T\), which preserve the locus of zeros. Let \(Q=\{q_k (x)\}^\infty_{k=0}\) be a simple set of polynomials (i.e., \(\deg q_k(x) = k\), \(k=0,1,2,\dots)\) and let \(\{\gamma_k\}^\infty_{k =0}\) be a sequence of real numbers. Let \(T : \mathbb R[x]\to \mathbb R[x]\) denote a linear operator associated with the sequence \(\{\gamma_k \}^\infty_{k=0}\), defined by \(T[q_k(x)] :=\gamma_k q_k(x)\) for \(k=0,1,2,\dots\)\,. The operator \(T\) is termed a \(Q\)-multiplier sequence if the polynomial \(T[p(x)]\) has only real zeros whenever the polynomial \(p(x)\) has only real zeros. In a seminal work, \textit{G.~Pólya} and \textit{I.~Schur} [J. für Math. 144, 89--113 (1914; JFM 45.0176.01)] obtained both algebraic and transcendental characterizations of the multiplier sequences when \(Q\) is the standard basis. In the paper under review, the authors solve a decade-old open problem; that is, they characterize the \(Q\)-multiplier sequences for an arbitrary simple set of polynomials. The proof of the main result (Theorem~2) of this interesting paper, while elementary, is truly ingenious.

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