Automorphism groups of pseudoreal Riemann surfaces

DOI10.1016/J.JPAA.2016.12.039MaRDI QIDQ2396812zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Michela Artebani, Saúl Quispe, Cristián Reyes

Publication date 26 May 2017

Published in Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1612.06810

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Families, moduli of curves (algebraic) (14H10) Automorphisms of curves (14H37) Real algebraic and real-analytic geometry (14P99) Riemann surfaces (30F99) Group actions on manifolds and cell complexes in low dimensions (57M60)

Abstract: A smooth complex projective curve is called pseudoreal if it is isomorphic to its conjugate but is not definable over the reals. Such curves, together with real Riemann surfaces, form the real locus of the moduli space $mathcal{M}_g$. This paper deals with the classification of pseudoreal curves according to the structure of their automorphism group. We follow two different approaches existing in the literature: one coming from number theory, dealing more generally with fields of moduli of projective curves, and the other from complex geometry, through the theory of NEC groups. Using the first approach, we prove that the automorphism group of a pseudoreal Riemann surface $X$ is abelian if $X/Z(mAut(X))$ has genus zero, where $Z(mAut(X))$ is the center of $mAut(X)$. This includes the case of $p$-gonal Riemann surfaces, already known by results of Huggins and Kontogeorgis. By means of the second approach and of elementary properties of group extensions, we show that $X$ is not pseudoreal if the center of $G=mAut(X)$ is trivial and either $mOut(G)$ contains no involutions or $mInn(G)$ has a group complement in $mAut(G)$. This extends and gives an elementary proof (over $mathbbC$) of a result by D`ebes and Emsalem. Finally, we provide an algorithm, implemented in MAGMA, which classifies the automorphism groups of pseudoreal Riemann surfaces of genus $ggeq2$, once a list of all groups acting for such genus, with their signature and generating vectors, are given. This program, together with the database provided by J. Paulhus in cite{Pau15}, allowed us to classifiy pseudoreal Riemann surfaces up to genus $10$, extending previous results by Bujalance, Conder and Costa.

Review text

A compact Riemann surface (or smooth complex projective curve) \(X\) is called \textit{pseudo-real} if it is isomorphic to its complex conjugate \(\overline{X}\) but is not isomorphic to one that is defined by polynomials with real coefficients, or equivalently, if \(X\) has anti-conformal automorphisms but no anti-conformal automorphism of order 2. The disjoint union of the locus of pseudo-real Riemann surfaces and the locus of real Riemann surfaces is the fixed locus of the natural involution \(X \to \overline{X}\) on the moduli space \({\mathcal M}_g\) of surfaces/curves of genus \(g \geq 2\). In this paper, the authors produce some new theorems about the classification of pseudo-real Riemann surfaces by their automorphism groups. For example, with \(G =\mathrm{Aut}^+(X)\) being the conformal automorphism group of the Riemann surface \(X\), they prove that (a) if \(X\) is pseudo-real and the quotient surface \(X/Z(G)\) has genus zero, then \(G\) is abelian, and (b) if \(Z(G)\) trivial and either \(\mathrm{Out}(G)\) contains no involutions or \(\mathrm{Inn}(G)\) is complemented in \(\mathrm{Aut}(G)\), then \(X\) is not pseudo-real. Also they provide an algorithm (implemented in \texttt{Magma}) for classifying the automorphism groups of pseudo-real Riemann surfaces of given (small) genus \(g \geq 2\). This uses a database of all groups acting on some Riemann surface of small genus (created by \textit{J. Paulhus} [``Branching data for curves up to genus 48, \url{arxiv:1512.07657}] using earlier work by \textit{T. Breuer} [Characters and automorphism groups of compact Riemann surfaces. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2000; Zbl 0952.30001)]), and results in a complete determination of all pseudoreal Riemann surfaces up to genus \(10\) (extending earlier work by Emilio Bujalance, Antonio Costa and the reviewer [\textit{E. Bujalance} et al., Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 362, No. 7, 3365--3376 (2010; Zbl 1201.30047)]).

Recommendations

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Cited in

(14)

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• Minimal genus problem for pseudo-real Riemann surfaces

Describes a project that uses

Uses Software

• Magma

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