More absorbers in hyperspaces

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2017.02.055MaRDI QIDQ2400874zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Paweł Krupski, Alicja Samulewicz

Publication date 30 August 2017

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.06102

Abstract: The family of all subcontinua that separate a compact connected

n

-manifold

X

(with or without boundary),

n g e 3

, is an

F_{s} i g m a

-absorber in the hyperspace

C (X)

of nonempty subcontinua of

X

. If

D_{2} (F_{s} i g m a)

is the small Borel class of spaces which are differences of two

s i g m a

-compact sets, then the family of all

(n - 1)

-dimensional continua that separate

X

is a

D_{2} (F_{s} i g m a)

-absorber in

C (X)

. The families of nondegenerate colocally connected or aposyndetic continua in

I^{n}

and of at least two-dimensional or decomposable Kelley continua are

F_{s i g m a d e l t a}

-absorbers in the hyperspace

C (I^{n})

for

n g e 3

. The hyperspaces of all weakly infinite-dimensional continua and of

C

-continua of dimensions at least 2 in a compact connected Hilbert cube manifold

X

are

P i_{1}^{1}

-absorbers in

C (X)

. The family of all hereditarily infinite-dimensional compacta in the Hilbert cube

I^{o} m e g a

is

P i_{1}^{1}

-complete in

2^{I^{o} m e g a}

.

Review text

It is known that any two absorbers in a Hilbert cube \({\mathcal Q}\) of a given Borel or projective class are homeomorphic. Thus, the method of absorbers is a very powerful tool to characterize some subspaces of the hyperspaces \({\mathcal Q}\) = \(2^{X}\) of all nonempty closed subsets of a nondegenerate Peano continuum \(X\) or \({\mathcal Q}=C(X)\) of all subcontinua of \(X\) (when \(X\) contains no free arcs). In the paper under review, the authors show some new examples of absorbers in the hyperspaces of cubes, \(n\)-manifolds or Hilbert cube manifolds. Two samples of the results included in this paper are the following. The family of all subcontinua that separate a compact connected \(n\)-manifold \(X\) (with or without boundary), \(n \geq 3\), is an \(F_\sigma\)-absorber in the hyperspace \(C(X)\) of subcontinua of \(X\). The families of nondegenerate colocally connected or aposyndetic continua in \([0,1]^{n}\) and or at least two-dimensional or decomposable Kelley continua are \(F_{\sigma\delta}\)-absorbers in the hyperspace \(C([0,1]^{n})\) for \( n\geq 3\).

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