Lie and conditional symmetries of a class of nonlinear (1 + 2)-dimensional boundary value problems

DOI10.3390/SYM7031410MaRDI QIDQ2406231zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Roman Cherniha, J. R. King

Publication date 27 September 2017

Published in Symmetry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.6967

zbMATH Keywords

\(Q\)-conditional symmetryconditional invarianceexact solutionnon-vanishing flux on the boundarynonlinear diffusionpower diffusivitysemi-infinite domain

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Symmetries, invariants, etc. in context of PDEs (35B06) Quasilinear parabolic equations (35K59)

Abstract: A new definition of conditional invariance for boundary value problems involving a wide range of boundary conditions (including initial value problems as a special case) is proposed. It is shown that other definitions worked out in order to find Lie symmetries of boundary value problems with standard boundary conditions, follow as particular cases from our definition. Simple examples of direct applicability to the nonlinear problems arising in applications are demonstrated. Moreover, the successful application of the definition for the Lie and conditional symmetry classification of a class of (1+2)-dimensional nonlinear boundary value problems governed by the nonlinear diffusion equation in a semi-infinite domain is realised. In particular, it is proved that there is a special exponent, $k=-2$, for the power diffusivity $u^k$ when the problem in question with non-vanishing flux on the boundary admits additional Lie symmetry operators compared to the case $kot=-2$. In order to demonstrate the applicability of the symmetries derived, they are used for reducing the nonlinear problems with power diffusivity $u^k$ and a constant non-zero flux on the boundary (such problems are common in applications and describing a wide range of phenomena) to (1+1)-dimensional problems. The structure and properties of the problems obtained are briefly analysed. Finally, some results demonstrating how Lie invariance of the boundary value problem in question depends on geometry of the domain are presented.

Review text

Summary: A new definition of conditional invariance for boundary value problems involving a wide range of boundary conditions (including initial value problems as a special case) is proposed. It is shown that other definitions worked out in order to find Lie symmetries of boundary value problems with standard boundary conditions, followed as particular cases from our definition. Simple examples of direct applicability to the nonlinear problems arising in applications are demonstrated. Moreover, the successful application of the definition for the Lie and conditional symmetry classification of a class of (1 + 2)-dimensional nonlinear boundary value problems governed by the nonlinear diffusion equation in a semi-infinite domain is realised. In particular, it is proven that there is a special exponent, \(k=-2\), for the power diffusivity \(u^k\) when the problem in question with non-vanishing flux on the boundary admits additional Lie symmetry operators compared to the case \(k\neq-2\). In order to demonstrate the applicability of the symmetries derived, they are used for reducing the nonlinear problems with power diffusivity \(u^k\) and a constant non-zero flux on the boundary (such problems are common in applications and describing a wide range of phenomena) to (1 + 1)-dimensional problems. The structure and properties of the problems obtained are briefly analysed. Finally, some results demonstrating how Lie invariance of the boundary value problem in question depends on the geometry of the domain are presented.

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