Generalized Weierstrass semigroups and Riemann-Roch spaces for certain curves with separated variables

Abstract: In this work we study the generalized Weierstrass semigroup

w i d e h a t H (m a t h b f P_{m})

at an

m

-tuple

m a t h b f P_{m} = (P_{1}, l d o t s, P_{m})

of rational points on certain curves admitting a plane model of the form

f (y) = g (x)

over

m a t h b b F_{q}

, where

f (T), g (T) i n m a t h b b F_{q} [T]

. In particular, we compute the generating set

w i d e h a t G a m m a (m a t h b f P_{m})

of

w i d e h a t H (m a t h b f P_{m})

and, as a consequence, we explicit a basis for Riemann-Roch spaces of divisors with support in

P_{1}, l d o t s, P_{m}

on these curves, generalizing results of Maharaj, Matthews, and Pirsic.

Review text

For a projective, non-singular, geometrically irreducible algebraic curve $X$ over a finite field $k$ of order $q$, and $P_1,\ldots,P_n$ pairwise distinct $k$-rational points in $X$ (we always assume $q\geq n$) the authors investigate \textit{generalized Weiertrass semigroups} in ${\mathbb Z}^n$, namely $\hat{{\mathbf H}}:=\{(-v_1(f),\ldots,-v_n(f): f\in R\}$, where $v_i$ is the valuation at $P_i$ and $R$ is the set of non-zero regular functions outside $P_1,\ldots,P_n$; see e,g, Beelen and Tutaş [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 207, No. 2, 243--260 (2006; Zbl 1105.14045)]. Recall that the \textit{classical Weierstrass semigroup}is ${\mathbf H}=\hat{{\mathbf H}}\cap {\mathbb N}_0^{n}$. The case $n=1$ is a well-known object of study; see [\textit{A. Del Centina}, Ann. Univ. Ferrara, Sez. VII, Sci. Mat. 54, No. 1, 37--59 (2008; Zbl 1179.14001)]; the classical Weierstrass semigroup can be completed described from a finite set; see [\textit{G. L. Matthews} and \textit{J. D. Peachey}, Contemp. Math. 518, 315--326 (2010; Zbl 1226.14037)]. Motivated by this description, \textit{J. J. Moyano-Fernández} et al. [Finite Fields Appl. 58, 46--69 (2019; Zbl 1457.14077)] characterized generalized Weiertrass semigroups in terms of their \textit{absolute maximal elements} which were already introduced by \textit{F. Delgado} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 108, No. 3, 627--631 (1990; Zbl 0707.14029)]. In the paper under review, the authors consider certain curves whose plane model is of type $f(y)=g(x)$ with $f,g\in k[T]$, and relate absolute maximal elements with the concept of \textit{discrepancy} introduced by \textit{I. M. Duursma} and \textit{S. Park} [Finite Fields Appl. 18, No. 5, 865--885 (2012; Zbl 1279.94150)]. This provides computations similar to \textit{A. S. Castellanos} and \textit{G. Tizziotti} [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 222, No. 7, 1803--1809 (2018; Zbl 1390.14090)]. Finally they describe a basis of Riemann-Roch spaces related to certain divisors on these curves.

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