Geometrical excess entropy production in nonequilibrium quantum systems
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Publication:2440337
Abstract: For open systems described by the quantum Markovian master equation, we study a possible extension of the Clausius equality to quasistatic operations between nonequilibrium steady states (NESSs). We investigate the excess heat divided by temperature (i.e., excess entropy production) which is transferred into the system during the operations. We derive a geometrical expression for the excess entropy production, which is analogous to the Berry phase in unitary evolution. Our result implies that in general one cannot define a scalar potential whose difference coincides with the excess entropy production in a thermodynamic process, and that a vector potential plays a crucial role in the thermodynamics for NESSs. In the weakly nonequilibrium regime, we show that the geometrical expression reduces to the extended Clausius equality derived by Saito and Tasaki (J. Stat. Phys. {�f 145}, 1275 (2011)). As an example, we investigate a spinless electron system in quantum dots. We find that one can define a scalar potential when the parameters of only one of the reservoirs are modified in a non-interacting system, but this is no longer the case for an interacting system.
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Cited in
(5)- Exact equalities and thermodynamic relations for nonequilibrium steady states
- Noncyclic geometric phase in counting statistics and its role as an excess contribution
- An expression of excess work during the transition between nonequilibrium steady states
- Cotunneling effects in the geometric statistics of a nonequilibrium spin-resolved junction
- Excess entropy production in quantum system: quantum master equation approach
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