Further refinements of the Heinz inequality

Miscellaneous inequalities involving matrices (15A45) Norms of matrices, numerical range, applications of functional analysis to matrix theory (15A60) Positive matrices and their generalizations; cones of matrices (15B48)

Abstract: The celebrated Heinz inequality asserts that

2 | | | A^{1 / 2} X B^{1 / 2} | | | l e q | | | A^{u} X B^{1 - u} + A^{1 - u} X B^{u} | | | l e q | | | A X + X B | | |

for

X i n m a t h b b B (m a t h s c r H)

,

A, B i n +

, every unitarily invariant norm

| | | c d o t | | |

and

u i n [0, 1]

. In this paper, we present several improvement of the Heinz inequality by using the convexity of the function

F (u) = | | | A^{u} X B^{1 - u} + A^{1 - u} X B^{u} | | |

, some integration techniques and various refinements of the Hermite--Hadamard inequality. In the setting of matrices we prove that �egin{eqnarray*} &&hspace{-0.5cm}left|left|left|A^{frac{alpha+�eta}{2}}XB^{1-frac{alpha+�eta}{2}}+A^{1-frac{alpha+�eta}{2}}XB^{frac{alpha+�eta}{2}} ight| ight| ight|leqfrac{1}{|�eta-alpha|} left|left|left|int_{alpha}^{�eta}left(A^{

u}XB^{1- u}+A^{1- u}XB^{ u} ight)d u ight| ight| ight|

onumber\ &&qquadqquadleq frac{1}{2}left|left|left|A^{alpha}XB^{1-alpha}+A^{1-alpha}XB^{alpha}+A^{�eta}XB^{1-�eta}+A^{1-�eta}XB^{�eta} ight| ight| ight|,, end{eqnarray*} for real numbers

.

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