A characterization of annularity for area-preserving toral homeomorphisms

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Publication:2454415



Abstract: We prove that if an area-preserving homeomorphism of the torus in the homotopy class of the identity has a rotation set which is a nondegenerate vertical segment containing the origin, then there exists an essential invariant annulus. In particular, some lift to the universal covering has uniformly bounded displacement in the horizontal direction.


Let \(T^2\) denote the two-dimensional torus and let \(f:T^2 \to T^2\) be an area-preserving homeomorphism homotopic to identity. A lift \(\hat f:R^2\to R^2\) has bounded displacement in the direction \(v\in R^2\) at a point \(z\in R^2\) if there is \(M>0\) such that for all \(n\) \(|p_v(\hat f^n(z)-z)|\leq M\). Here, \(p_v\) denotes the orthogonal projection onto the direction \(v\). Similarly, \(f\) has uniformly bounded displacement if there exists an \(M\) independent of \(z\in R^2\). A subset \(A\subset T^2\) homeomorphic to an open annulus is called essential annulus if it contains a homotopically nontrivial loop. The main result of the paper states that if some lift \(\hat f\) of \(f\) has a rotation set \(\rho (\hat f)=\{0\}\times [a,b]\), then \(f\) has uniformly bounded displacement in the horizontal direction and there exists an invariant essential annulus.











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