The Mahler measure of a Calabi-Yau threefold and special L-values

Special values of automorphic (L)-series, periods of automorphic forms, cohomology, modular symbols (11F67) PV-numbers and generalizations; other special algebraic numbers; Mahler measure (11R06) Calabi-Yau manifolds (algebro-geometric aspects) (14J32) Generalized hypergeometric series, ({}_pF_q) (33C20) Elliptic integrals as hypergeometric functions (33C75)

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to prove a Mahler measure formula of a four-variable Laurent polynomial whose zero locus defines a Calabi-Yau threefold. We show that its Mahler measure is a rational linear combination of a special L-value of the normalized newform in S_4(Gamma_0(8)) and a Riemann zeta value. This is equivalent to a new formula for a 6F5-hypergeometric series evaluated at 1.

Review text

The Mahler measure \(m(P)\) of a non-zero Laurent polynomial \(P(X_1,\dots,X_n)\) is defined by \[ m(P)=\int_0^1\cdots\int_0^1\log\left(\left|P(\exp(2\pi i\theta_1)),\dots,P(\exp(2\pi i\theta_n))\right|\right)d\theta_1\cdots d\theta_n. \] The author considers the Laurent polynomials \[ R_k=(x+x^{-1})(y+y^{-1})(z+z^{-1})(w+w^{-1})-k, \] and provides in Theorem 1.1 the explicit formula \[ m(R_{16})=8L'(f,0)-28\zeta'(-2), \] where \(\zeta(s)\) is the Riemann zeta-function, and \(f(\tau) = (\eta(2\tau)\eta(4\tau))^4\), \(\eta(\tau)\) being the Dedekind \(\eta\)-function. This formula can be also written in the form \[ m(R_{16})={192\over\pi^4}L(f,4)+{7\zeta(3)\over\pi^2}. \] The proof is based on a series of interesting identities. One expresses \(m(R_k)\) for \(|k|\geq16\) using hypergeometric series (Theorem 1.2), another (Theorem 2.1) relates \(L(f,4)\) and \(\zeta(3)\) to elliptic integrals, and Theorem 3.1 brings the equality \[ -{14\zeta(3)\over\pi^2}+4\log 2 = 1+\sum_{n=1}^\infty{4n+1\over2n(2n+1)}{{2n\choose n}}^4{1\over2^{8n}}. \]

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