Probability and real trees. Ecole d'Eté de Probabilités de Saint-Flour XXXV -- 2005. Lecture given at the Saint-Flour probability summer school, July 6--23, 2005.
Set functions and measures on topological groups or semigroups, Haar measures, invariant measures (28C10) Set functions and measures and integrals in infinite-dimensional spaces (Wiener measure, Gaussian measure, etc.) (28C20) Convergence of probability measures (60B10) Probability theory on linear topological spaces (60B11) Sample path properties (60G17) Brownian motion (60J65) Branching processes (Galton-Watson, birth-and-death, etc.) (60J80)
These Lecture Notes are from the Probability Summer School given at Saint-Flour in July 2005. Steven Evans presents his and his collaborators recent research on the asymptotic properties of random trees embedded into various spaces of `tree-like objects'. The classical bijection between rooted planar trees and excursion lattice paths of walk processes can be used to define weak convergence of random trees to limiting objects called Brownian continuum random trees. More general tree-like objects are identified as metric spaces with certain special properties, and the Gromov-Hausdorff distance can be used for assigning a distance between two such objects. The notes review these concepts and discuss various works on pruning operators, Galton-Watson processes, coalescing Brownian motions, diffusions on tree-like objects and more. It is an important and inspiring text reflecting the research front in this area.
- Random trees. Abstracts from the workshop held January 18th -- January 24th, 2009.
- Probabilistic models for the (sub)tree(s) of life
- Heavy subtrees of Galton-Watson trees with an application to Apollonian networks
- A tree-valued Markov process associated with an admissible family of branching mechanisms
- A representation for exchangeable coalescent trees and generalized tree-valued Fleming-Viot processes
- Recursive construction of continuum random trees
- The Brownian cactus. I: Scaling limits of discrete cactuses
- Cost functionals for large (uniform and simply generated) random trees
- Exchangeable hierarchies and mass-structure of weighted real trees
- Invariance and attraction properties of Galton-Watson trees
- Geometry of the minimal spanning tree of a random 3-regular graph
- Self-similar real trees defined as fixed points and their geometric properties
- \(k\)-cut model for the Brownian continuum random tree
- Global regime for general additive functionals of conditioned Bienaymé-Galton-Watson trees
- Scaling limits of tree-valued branching random walks
- Limits of multiplicative inhomogeneous random graphs and Lévy trees: the continuum graphs
- Regularity of an abstract Wiener integral
- Zooming in at the root of the stable tree
- Lipschitz free \(p\)-spaces for \(0 < p < 1\)
- Some properties of stationary continuous state branching processes
- Exchangeable coalescents, ultrametric spaces, nested interval-partitions: a unifying approach
- Random self-similar trees: a mathematical theory of Horton laws
- Recovering a tree from the lengths of subtrees spanned by a randomly chosen sequence of leaves
- Height and contour processes of Crump-Mode-Jagers forests. II: the Bellman-Harris universality class
- The continuum limit of critical random graphs
- Random real trees
- Subtree prune and regraft: a reversible real tree-valued Markov process
- A tree approach to \(p\)-variation and to integration
- The comb representation of compact ultrametric spaces
- Brownian motion on \(\mathbb R\)-trees
- Random trees constructed by aggregation
- Random ultrametric trees and applications
- A new combinatorial representation of the additive coalescent
- Scaling limits and influence of the seed graph in preferential attachment trees
- Reversal property of the Brownian tree
- Exact simulation of the genealogical tree for a stationary branching population and application to the asymptotics of its total length
- On trees invariant under edge contraction
- Small trees in supercritical random forests
- Representation theorems of \(\mathbb{R}\)-trees and Brownian motions indexed by \(\mathbb{R}\)-trees
- Matrices with zero row sums, tree theorems and a Markov chain on trees
- Graph limits of random graphs from a subset of connected k-trees
- On breadth‐first constructions of scaling limits of random graphs and random unicellular maps
- On the persistent homology of almost surely C^0 stochastic processes
- The Four Point Condition: An Elementary Tropicalization of Ptolemy’s Inequality
- A branching process with coalescence to model random phylogenetic networks
- The ultrametric Gromov-Wasserstein distance
- Invariant Galton–Watson trees: metric properties and attraction with respect to generalized dynamical pruning
- Large-scale behaviour and hydrodynamic limit of beta coalescents
- A binary embedding of the stable line-breaking construction
- Scaling Limits of Markov-Branching Trees and Applications
- A unified framework for generalizing the Gromov-Hausdorff metric
- Geometry of the minimal spanning tree in the heavy-tailed regime: new universality classes
- A recursive distributional equation for the stable tree
- On random trees and forests
- Random recursive triangulations of the disk via fragmentation theory
- Stable trees as mixings of inhomogeneous continuum random trees
- Totally ordered measured trees and splitting trees with infinite variation. II: Prolific skeleton decomposition
- Algebraic two-level measure trees
- Convergences of looptrees coded by excursions
- Minimum star partitions of simple polygons in polynomial time
- Can you tell a tree from its branches?
- Dual spaces of geodesic currents
- Scaling limit of critical percolation clusters on hyperbolic random half-planar triangulations and the associated random walks
- Pruning, cut trees, and the reconstruction problem
- The critical beta-splitting random tree. I: Heights and related results
- Scaling limits and universality: critical percolation on weighted graphs converging to an L^3 graphon
- Quantum computing algorithms for inverse problems on graphs and an NP-complete inverse problem
- Hyperbolic metric spaces and stochastic embeddings
- Variance inequalities for transformed Fréchet means in Hadamard spaces
- Large random intersection graphs inside the critical window and triangle counts
- A simple continuous theory
- Continuum asymptotics for tree growth models with uniform backward dynamics
- An algorithm for uniform generation of unlabeled (Pólya) trees
- Excursion theory for Markov processes indexed by Lévy trees
- Site frequency spectrum in stationary branching populations
- Ancestral diversity in fragmentation trees
- The exact packing measure of Lévy trees
- Regenerative tree growth: Markovian embedding of fragmenters, bifurcators, and bead splitting processes
- Scaling limits of k-ary growing trees
- Convergence of bi-measure \(\mathbb{R}\)-trees and the pruning process
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