Orbital stability of periodic waves for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation

DOI10.1007/S10884-007-9071-4MaRDI QIDQ2467197zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Publication date 21 January 2008

Published in Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0609027

nonlinear Schrödinger equation orbital stability periodic waves

Periodic solutions to PDEs (35B10) Stability in context of PDEs (35B35) NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55)

Abstract: The nonlinear Schroedinger equation has several families of quasi-periodic travelling waves, each of which can be parametrized up to symmetries by two real numbers: the period of the modulus of the wave profile, and the variation of its phase over a period (Floquet exponent). In the defocusing case, we show that these travelling waves are orbitally stable within the class of solutions having the same period and the same Floquet exponent. This generalizes a previous work where only small amplitude solutions were considered. A similar result is obtained in the focusing case, under a non-degeneracy condition which can be checked numerically. The proof relies on the general approach to orbital stability as developed by Grillakis, Shatah, and Strauss, and requires a detailed analysis of the Hamiltonian system satisfied by the wave profile.

Review text

The authors deal with the stability analysis of the quasi-periodic travelling wave solutions to the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation \[ i{\partial u\over\partial t}+ {\partial^2u\over\partial^2 x}+ \gamma|u(x,t)|^2 u(x,t)= 0,\quad x\in\mathbb{R},\;t\in\mathbb{R},\tag{1} \] where \(\gamma= \{-1,1\}\) and \(u(x,t)\in\mathbb{C}\). The goal of the authors is to show that the periodic wave \(u(x,t)= e^{i(px-\omega t)}Q(2kx)\) of (1) is stable within the class of solutions which have the same period \(T= {\pi\over k}\) and the same Floquet multiplier \(e^{ipT}\). Here \(p\in\mathbb{R}\), \(k> 0\) and \(Q: \mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{C}\) is \(2\pi\)-periodic. In other words, they restrict themselves to solutions of (1) of the form \(e^{i(px-\omega t)}Q(2kx,t)\), where \(Q(\cdot,t)\) belongs to the functional space \[ X= H^1_{\text{per}}([0, 2\pi], \mathbb{C})= \{Q\in H^1_{\text{loc}}(\mathbb{R}, \mathbb{C})\mid Q(z)= Q(z+ 2\pi),\;\forall z\in\mathbb{R}\}. \] The advantage of such restricted setting is that nonlinear stability can be established by the standard variational method. To this end the authors use general approach to orbital stability developed by Grillakis, Shatah, and Strauss.

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