Asymptotic invariants of line bundles

DOI10.4310/PAMQ.2005.V1.N2.A8MaRDI QIDQ2471441zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Robert Lazarsfeld, Mircea Mustaţă, M. Nakamaye, Mihnea Popa, Lawrence Ein

Publication date 22 February 2008

Published in Pure and Applied Mathematics Quarterly (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0505054

zbMATH Keywords

asymptotic invariantsbase locibig divisorLine bundlevolume

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Divisors, linear systems, invertible sheaves (14C20)

Abstract: Let X be a smooth complex projective variety of dimension d. It is classical that ample line bundles on X satisfy many beautiful geometric, cohomological, and numerical properties that render their behavior particularly tractable. By contrast, examples due to Cutkosky and others have led to the common impression that the linear series associated to non-ample divisors are in general mired in pathology. However starting with fundamental work of Fujita, Nakayama, and Tsuji, it has recently become apparent that arbitrary effective (or "big") divisors in fact display a surprising number of properties analogous to those of ample line bundles. The key is to study the properties in question from an asymptotic perspective. At the same time, many interesting questions and open problems remain. The purpose of the present expository note is to give an invitation to this circle of ideas. In the hope that this informal overview might serve as a jumping off point for the technical literature in the area, we sketch many examples but provide no proofs. We focus on one particular invariant -- the "volume" of a line bundle -- that measures the rate of growth of the number of sections of powers of the bundle in question.

Review text

This paper is an appealing survey on recent directions in the study of asymptotic invariants of line bundles on a smooth projective variety \(X\). The volume of a line bundle \(L\) on \(X\), which is defined as \(\text{vol}_X(L) = \limsup_{m \to \infty} \frac{h^0(X,\mathcal O_X(mL))}{m^d/d !}\), where \(d=\dim(X)\), is the most well-known of such invariants, due to its connection with the Riemann--Roch problem. For an ample line bundle \(L\), \(\text{vol}_X(L)\) depends only on the numerical class of \(L\) and is computed by a function on the cone of nef numerical equivalence classes in the real Néron--Severi space, which is given by a polynomial and is log-concave. Focusing on the volume, the authors illustrate the philosophy that big line bundles display a surprising number of properties analogous to those of ample line bundles, from the point of view of asymptotic invariants. The discussion includes the function on the real Néron--Severi space computing \(\text{vol}_X\) and its continuity, log-concavity and local polynomiality for \(d=2\) on the big cone, as well as the interpretation of the volume in terms of asymptotic moving self-intersection number (i.\ e., counted outside the base locus). The text is enriched by several illuminating examples. Then the authors discuss higher asymptotic cohomological functions, obtained by replacing \(h^0\) with \(h^i\) in the definition of \(\text{vol}_X(L)\), their behavior and their use to characterize ample classes. Finally, further invariants like asymptotic order of vanishing and restricted volumes are combined with the notions of stable and augmented base loci of a big divisor in order to state a result describing the irreducible components of the augmented base locus, proven by the authors in [Restricted volumes and base loci of linear series,\url{arXiv:math/0607221v2}, to appear in Am. J. Math.]

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Cited in

(29)

• Homological invariance for asymptotic invariants and systolic inequalities
• Simplicial generation of Chow rings of matroids
• Asymptotic order-of-vanishing functions on the pseudoeffective cone
• Cones and asymptotic invariants of multigraded systems of ideals
• Positivity on subvarieties and vanishing of higher cohomology
• Moment maps and equivariant volumes
• Teissier's problem on inequalities of nef divisors
• Asymptotic cohomological functions on projective varieties
• Differentiability of volumes of divisors and a problem of Teissier
• Asymptotic multiplicities of graded families of ideals and linear series
• Asymptotic purity for very general hypersurfaces of \(\mathbb P^{n } \times \mathbb P^{n }\) of bidegree \((k, k)\)
• ASYMPTOTIC INVARIANTS OF SMOOTH MANIFOLDS
• Algebraic bounds on analytic multiplier ideals
• The gamma construction and asymptotic invariants of line bundles over arbitrary fields
• On volumes along subvarieties of line bundles with nonnegative Kodaira-Iitaka dimension
• On Eckl's pseudo-effective reduction map
• Volume functions on blow-ups and Seshadri constants
• Divisors on matroids and their volumes
• Divisors on matroids and their volumes
• Expectations, concave transforms, Chow weights and Roth's theorem for varieties
• Simplicial generation of Chow rings of matroids
• Non-pluripolar products on vector bundles and Chern-Weil formulae
• Derivative of volumes of big cohomology
• Regularity of the volume function
• The volume of a divisor and cusp excursions of geodesics in hyperbolic manifolds
• On pseudo-effective cones of projective bundles and volume function
• Asymptotic cohomological functions of toric divisors
• Asymptotic invariants of base loci
• Counting Zariski chambers on del Pezzo surfaces

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