Ad-nilpotent ideals of a parabolic subalgebra
Let \(\mathfrak{g}\) be a finite-dimensional complex simple Lie algebra, \(\mathfrak{h}\) a fixed Cartan subalgebra and \(\Phi\) (\(\Phi^+\)) the associated root system (positive roots) attached to \(\mathfrak{h}\). Denote by \(\Delta\) the set of simple roots and for a given subset of simple roots \(I\), set \(\Phi_I=\mathbb{Z}I \cap \Phi\). A (standard) parabolic subalgebra is just the subspace \(\mathfrak{p}_I=\mathfrak{h}\oplus (\oplus_{\alpha \in \Phi_I \cup \Phi^+}\mathfrak{g}_\alpha)\). Note that in the particular case \(I=\emptyset\), we get a Borel subalgebra. The purpose of this paper is to extend to parabolic subalgebras the results on characterizations of ad-nilpotent and abelian ideals of Borel subalgebras given by \textit{P. Cellini} and \textit{P. Papi} in [J. Algebra 225, 130--140 (2000; Zbl 0951.17003) and J. Algebra 258, 112--121 (2002; Zbl 1033.17008)]. The main results in the paper are: a bijection stablished between ad-nilpotent ideals of \(\mathfrak{p}_I\) and the so called \(I\)-compatible elements of the affine Weyl group attached to \(\Phi\), an identity which generalizes Peterson's result on the number of abelian ideals of Borel subalgebras and the enumeration of both ad-nilpotent and abelian ideals in case \(\mathfrak{g}\) be of classical type by using the diagrams given in [Cellini and Papi (2000), loc. cit.]. The paper ends with some remarks concerning the exceptional simple Lie algebras \(E,F\) and \(G\).
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