Normality of numbers generated by the values of entire functions
Für \(q\in\mathbb{N}\setminus\{1\}\) sei \(\theta=0,a_1a_2a_3...\) die \(q\)-adische Entwicklung eines reellen \(\theta\in]0,1[\). Ist \(d_1...d_\ell\in\{0,1,..., q-1\}^\ell\) ein Block von \(\ell\) \(q\)-adischen Ziffern, so zählt \(\mathcal{N}(\theta; d_1...d_\ell;N)\), wie oft dieser Block im ersten Ziffernblock \(a_1a_2...a_N\) von \(\theta\) auftritt. Damit lassen sich die beiden Hauptergebnisse der Verff. so formulieren: Für ganz transzendentes \(f:\mathbb{C}\to\mathbb{C}\) sei \(f(\mathbb{N})\subset[1,+\infty[\) und \(\alpha(f):=\limsup_{r\to\infty}(\log\log|f|_r)/(\log\log r)\in]1,4/3[, |f|_r\) das Maximum von \(|f(z)|\) in \(|z|\leq r\). Dann gilt für jedes \(q\) und jeden Ziffernblock \(d_1...d_\ell\) wie oben bei \(N\to\infty\) die Beziehung \(\mathcal{N}(\theta_q(f);d_1...d_\ell;N)=Nq^{-\ell}+\mathrm{o}(N)\), wobei \(\mathrm{o}(.)\) nur von \(f,q,\ell\) abhängt. Dabei ist \(\theta_q(f):= 0,[f(1)]_q[f(2)]_q[f(3)]_q...\), wo \([f(n)]_q\) die \(q\)-adische Entwicklung des ganzzahligen Anteils von \(f(n)\) bedeutet. Dieselbe Aussage gilt für \(\tau_q(f):= 0,[f(2)]_q[f(3)]_q[f(5)]_q...\), wo die Argumente von \(f\) lediglich die Primzahlen durchlaufen. Insbesondere sind also \(\theta_q(f)\) und \(\tau_q(f)\) normal zur Basis \(q\). Beweismethodisch folgen Verff. dem Vorgehen von \textit{Y. Nakai} und \textit{I. Shiokawa} [Acta Arith. 62, 271--284 (1992; Zbl 0733.11050) bzw. 81, 345--356 (1997; Zbl 0881.11062)], nämlich das Problem auf Exponentialsummen zu verlagern, die dann nach dem Prozedere von \textit{R. C. Baker} [Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. 49, 87--110 (1984; Zbl 0508.10023)] abgeschätzt werden. \{Bemerkung des Ref.: Es ist schade, dass die andersweitig prominenten Funktionen \(T_p(z):=\sum_{n\geq0}p^{-n(n-1)/2}z^n\) bzw. \(E_p(z):=\prod_{n\geq1}(1+p^{-n}z)\) bei festem reellem \(p>1\) hier ausgeschlossen sind, weil ihr \(\alpha\)-Wert gleich 2 ist.\}
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