On the structure of isometries between noncommutative L^p spaces

Abstract: We prove some structure results for isometries between noncommutative Lp spaces associated to von Neumann algebras. We find that an isometry T: Lp(M_1) to Lp(M_2) (1 le p < infty, p not 2) can be canonically expressed in a certain simple form whenever M_1 has variants of Watanabe's extension property. Conversely, this form always defines an isometry provided that M_1 is "approximately semifinite" (defined below). Although neither of these properties is fully understood, we show that they are enjoyed by all semifinite algebras and hyperfinite algebras (with no summand of type I_2), plus others. Thus the classification is stronger than Yeadon's theorem for semifinite algebras (and its recent improvement in [JRS]), and the proof uses independent techniques. Related to this, we examine the modular theory for positive projections from a von Neumann algebra onto a Jordan image of another von Neumann algebra, and use such projections to construct new Lp isometries by interpolation. Some complementary results and questions are also presented.

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This paper studies the classification of isometries between noncommutative \(L^p\) spaces associated with (not necessairily semifinite) von Neumann algebras. The previous works on this subject include notably those by Yeadon, Watanabe and the recent ones of the author himself and his collaborators. The main objective of the paper is to classify the typical isometries (those given essentially by a Jordan *-homomorphism). The author shows that all \(L^1\) isometries are typical. For a general \(p\neq2\), this result remains valid if the underlying algebras are approximately semifinite with no direct summand of type \(\text{ I}_2\).

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