Paraconformal geometry of nth-order ODEs, and exotic holonomy in dimension four

DOI10.1016/J.GEOMPHYS.2005.10.007zbMATH Open1096.53028arXivmath/0502524OpenAlexW2033123657MaRDI QIDQ2496771FDOQ2496771

Authors: Maciej Dunajski, Paul Tod 

Publication date: 20 July 2006

Published in: Journal of Geometry and Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We characterise $n$th order ODEs for which the space of solutions $M$ is equipped with a particular paraconformal structure in the sense of cite{BE}, that is a splitting of the tangent bundle as a symmetric tensor product of rank-two vector bundles. This leads to the vanishing of $(n-2)$ quantities constructed from of the ODE. If $n=4$ the paraconformal structure is shown to be equivalent to the exotic ${calG}_3$ holonomy of Bryant. If $n=4$, or $ngeq6$ and $M$ admits a torsion--free connection compatible with the paraconformal structure then the ODE is trivialisable by point or contact transformations respectively. If $n=2$ or 3 $M$ admits an affine paraconformal connection with no torsion. In these cases additional constraints can be imposed on the ODE so that $M$ admits a projective structure if $n=2$, or an Einstein--Weyl structure if $n=3$. The third order ODE can in this case be reconstructed from the Einstein--Weyl data.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0502524

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zbMATH Keywords

twistor theorygeometry of differential equationsexotic holonomy

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Geometric methods in ordinary differential equations (34A26) Differential invariants (local theory), geometric objects (53A55) Issues of holonomy in differential geometry (53C29) Twistor methods in differential geometry (53C28)

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Cited In (24)

• GL(2)-geometry and complex structures
• Paraconformal structures, ordinary differential equations and totally geodesic manifolds
• On deformations of the dispersionless Hirota equation
• Point invariants of third-order ODEs and hyper-CR Einstein-Weyl structures
• Geometric realizations, curvature decompositions, and Weyl manifolds
• Geometry of curves in generalized flag varieties
• Totally geodesic and parallel hypersurfaces of four-dimensional oscillator groups
• \(\mathrm{GL}(2,\mathbb R)\) geometry of ODEs
• Comment on \(GL(2, \mathbb R)\) geometry of fourth-order ODEs
• Paraconformal structures and differential equations
• The Schwarzian derivative and Euler-Lagrange equations
• On the 7th order ODE with submaximal symmetry
• An example of the geometry of a 5th-order ODE: the metric on the space of conics in \(\mathbb{CP}^2\)
• Co-calibrated \(G_2\) structure from cuspidal cubics
• Contact manifolds, contact instantons, and twistor geometry
• Geometry of isotypic Kronecker webs
• (para)-Kähler Weyl structures
• Differential equations and conformal structures
• Dispersionless integrable hierarchies and \(GL (2,\mathbb{R})\) geometry
• On uniqueness of submaximally symmetric vector ordinary differential equations of C-class
• The Cayley cubic and differential equations
• Rigid geometry on projective varieties
• Geodesic rigidity of conformal connections on surfaces
• Twistor geometry of a pair of second order ODEs

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