Paraconformal geometry of nth-order ODEs, and exotic holonomy in dimension four

DOI10.1016/J.GEOMPHYS.2005.10.007MaRDI QIDQ2496771zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Maciej Dunajski, Paul Tod

Publication date 20 July 2006

Published in Journal of Geometry and Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0502524

zbMATH Keywords

twistor theorygeometry of differential equationsexotic holonomy

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Geometric methods in ordinary differential equations (34A26) Differential invariants (local theory), geometric objects (53A55) Issues of holonomy in differential geometry (53C29) Twistor methods in differential geometry (53C28)

Abstract: We characterise $n$th order ODEs for which the space of solutions $M$ is equipped with a particular paraconformal structure in the sense of cite{BE}, that is a splitting of the tangent bundle as a symmetric tensor product of rank-two vector bundles. This leads to the vanishing of $(n-2)$ quantities constructed from of the ODE. If $n=4$ the paraconformal structure is shown to be equivalent to the exotic ${calG}_3$ holonomy of Bryant. If $n=4$, or $ngeq6$ and $M$ admits a torsion--free connection compatible with the paraconformal structure then the ODE is trivialisable by point or contact transformations respectively. If $n=2$ or 3 $M$ admits an affine paraconformal connection with no torsion. In these cases additional constraints can be imposed on the ODE so that $M$ admits a projective structure if $n=2$, or an Einstein--Weyl structure if $n=3$. The third order ODE can in this case be reconstructed from the Einstein--Weyl data.

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(24)

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• Point invariants of third-order ODEs and hyper-CR Einstein-Weyl structures
• On the 7th order ODE with submaximal symmetry
• GL(2)-geometry and complex structures
• Twistor geometry of a pair of second order ODEs
• (para)-Kähler Weyl structures
• Geometry of curves in generalized flag varieties
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• Co-calibrated \(G_2\) structure from cuspidal cubics
• \(\mathrm{GL}(2,\mathbb R)\) geometry of ODEs
• On uniqueness of submaximally symmetric vector ordinary differential equations of C-class
• Comment on \(GL(2, \mathbb R)\) geometry of fourth-order ODEs
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• Totally geodesic and parallel hypersurfaces of four-dimensional oscillator groups
• On deformations of the dispersionless Hirota equation
• Rigid geometry on projective varieties
• The Schwarzian derivative and Euler-Lagrange equations
• The Cayley cubic and differential equations

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