The generating function of ternary trees and continued fractions

zbMATH Open1098.05006arXivmath/0505217MaRDI QIDQ2500972FDOQ2500972

Authors: Ira M. Gessel, Guoce Xin 

Publication date: 30 August 2006

Published in: The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Michael Somos conjectured a relation between Hankel determinants whose entries $$ count ternary trees and the number of certain plane partitions and alternating sign matrices. Tamm evaluated these determinants by showing that the generating function for these entries has a continued fraction that is a special case of Gauss's continued fraction for a quotient of hypergeometric series. We give a systematic application of the continued fraction method to a number of similar Hankel determinants. We also describe a simple method for transforming determinants using the generating function for their entries. In this way we transform Somos's Hankel determinants to known determinants, and we obtain, up to a power of 3, a Hankel determinant for the number of alternating sign matrices. We obtain a combinatorial proof, in terms of nonintersecting paths, of determinant identities involving the number of ternary trees and more general determinant identities involving the number of $r$-ary trees.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0505217

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zbMATH Keywords

generating functioncontinued fractionplane partitionsHankel determinantshypergeometric seriesalternating sign matricesdeterminant identities

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Classical hypergeometric functions, ({}_2F_1) (33C05) Exact enumeration problems, generating functions (05A15) Factorials, binomial coefficients, combinatorial functions (05A10) Combinatorial aspects of partitions of integers (05A17) Continued fractions; complex-analytic aspects (30B70)

Cited In (33)

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