The linear stability of the Schwarzschild solution to gravitational perturbations

DOI10.4310/ACTA.2019.V222.N1.A1MaRDI QIDQ2632495zbMATH OpenWikidataFDO

Authors Mihalis Dafermos, Gustav Holzegel, Igor Rodnianski

Publication date 14 May 2019

Published in Acta Mathematica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1601.06467

zbMATH Keywords

linear stabilitySchwarzschild solution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to relativity and gravitational theory (83-02) Approximation procedures, weak fields in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C25) Black holes (83C57)

Abstract: We prove in this paper the linear stability of the celebrated Schwarzschild family of black holes in general relativity: Solutions to the linearisation of the Einstein vacuum equations around a Schwarzschild metric arising from regular initial data remain globally bounded on the black hole exterior and in fact decay to a linearised Kerr metric. We express the equations in a suitable double null gauge. To obtain decay, one must in fact add a residual pure gauge solution which we prove to be itself quantitatively controlled from initial data. Our result a fortiori includes decay statements for general solutions of the Teukolsky equation (satisfied by gauge-invariant null-decomposed curvature components). These latter statements are in fact deduced in the course of the proof by exploiting associated quantities shown to satisfy the Regge--Wheeler equation, for which appropriate decay can be obtained easily by adapting previous work on the linear scalar wave equation. The bounds on the rate of decay to linearised Kerr are inverse polynomial, suggesting that dispersion is sufficient to control the non-linearities of the Einstein equations in a potential future proof of nonlinear stability. This paper is self-contained and includes a physical-space derivation of the equations of linearised gravity around Schwarzschild from the full non-linear Einstein vacuum equations expressed in a double null gauge.

Review text

This article extends the previous work of the authors [``Boundedness and decay for the Teukolsky equation on Kerr spacetimes. I: The case \(|a|\ll M\), Preprint, \url{arXiv:1711.07944}] to prove the linear stability of the Schwarzschild spacetime. It shows that all solutions to the linearized vacuum Einstein equations around the Schwarzschild space-time stemming from regular asymptotically flat initial data remain bounded and decay inverse polynomially to a linearized Kerr solution.

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