Jacobi's four and eight squares theorems and partitions into distinct parts
Let $r_s(n)$ denote the number of integer solutions $(x_1,x_2,\dots,x_s)\in\mathbb{Z}^s$ to the Diophantine equation $x_1^2+x_2^2+\cdots+x_s^2 = n$. The authors connect $r_4(n)$ and $r_8(n)$ with ordinary integer partitions and partitions into distinct parts using a factorization theorem for Lambert series due to \textit{M. Merca} [Ramanujan J. 44, No. 2, 417--435 (2017; Zbl 1393.11066)]. For example, if $p_{e-o}(n)$ denotes the excess of the number of partitions of $n$ into an even number of parts over the number of them into an odd number of parts, and $S_{e-o}(n)$ denotes the difference of the sum of all even parts and the sum of all odd parts over all partitions of $n$ into distinct parts, then the authors prove that \[ r_4(n)=(-1)^n 8 \sum_{k=0}^n p_{e-o}(k)S_{e-o}(n-k). \] Similar convolutions may involve overpartition functions. Further, the authors also obtain a number of pentagonal recurrence formulas for $r_4(n)$ and $r_8(n)$.
- A new look on the generating function for the number of divisors
- A short note on the overpartition function
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- A Simple Proof of Jacobi's Four-Square Theorem
- Arithmetic properties of overpartitions into odd parts
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- From a Rogers's identity to overpartitions
- Gordon's theorem for overpartitions.
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- Infinite families of exact sums of squares formulas, Jacobi elliptic functions, continued fractions, and Schur functions
- New convolutions for the number of divisors
- New relations for the number of partitions with distinct even parts
- On a problem of Lehmer on partitions into squares
- On the Partition of Numbers into Squares
- On the representation of a number as the sum of any number of squares, and in particular of twenty
- Overpartition Theorems of the Rogers–Ramanujan Type
- Overpartitions
- Overpartitions and real quadratic fields
- Ramanujan graphs
- RECENT PROGRESS IN THE STUDY OF REPRESENTATIONS OF INTEGERS AS SUMS OF SQUARES
- Singular overpartitions
- Sums of Squares
- Sums of Squares and Cusp Forms
- The Lambert series factorization theorem
- The on-line encyclopedia of integer sequences
- The overpartition function modulo small powers of 2
- The parents of Jacobi's four squares theorem are unique
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