Countable Butler groups and vector spaces with four distinguished subspaces

category of K-vector spaces countable rank Butler group countable ring distinguished subspaces endomorphisms four-subspace-theorem realization rigid family

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Morphisms of commutative rings (13B10) Free, projective, and flat modules and ideals in associative algebras (16D40) Module categories in associative algebras (16D90) Endomorphism rings; matrix rings (16S50) Torsion-free groups, infinite rank (20K20) Automorphisms, homomorphisms, endomorphisms, etc. for abelian groups (20K30)

Review text

If K is a field, \(K_ n\) denotes the category of K-vector spaces with n distinguished subspaces. It is known that for every countable \({\mathbb{Q}}\)- vector space there are four subspaces such that the set of all endomorphisms leaving invariant these subspaces equals a prescribed \({\mathbb{Q}}\)-algebra, compare \textit{R. Göbel}, \textit{W. May} [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 65, 29-43 (1990; Zbl 0716.16015)] and references given there. Using this realization it is shown that for every countable ring R with \(R^+\) a Butler group there exists a countable rank Butler group B with End \(B\simeq R\), if \(R^+\) is p-reduced for at least four primes. Moreover one can obtain a rigid family \(B_{\alpha}\) \((\alpha <2^{\aleph_ 0})\) of Butler groups, where End \(B_{\alpha}\) is isomorphic to R. The isomorphism can be viewed as a topological isomorphism with respect to natural topologies on R and End \(B_{\alpha}.\) Finally the well known correspondence between finite rank Butler groups and finite dimensional vector spaces with distinguished subspaces is generalized to the countable rank case. Because of the wild behaviour of \({\mathbb{Q}}_ 4\) for countable dimension it turns out that Butler groups of countable rank arising from four incomparable types behave ``wild as well.

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