Painlevé-type asymptotics of an extended modified KdV equation in transition regions
extended modified KdV equationlong-time asymptoticsnonlinear steepest descent methodPainlevé-type functions
Painlevé and other special ordinary differential equations in the complex domain; classification, hierarchies (34M55) KdV equations (Korteweg-de Vries equations) (35Q53) Nonautonomous Hamiltonian dynamical systems (Painlevé equations, etc.) (37J65) Soliton theory, asymptotic behavior of solutions of infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems (37K40)
This work investigates the asymptotics as \(t \to \infty\) of a solution to the Cauchy problem for an extended modified Korteweg-de Vries equation \[ \begin{array}{lll} & u_t + \alpha(6u^2u_x + u_{xxx} )+ \beta(30u^4u_x + 10u^3_x\\ & \quad + 40uu_xu_{xx} + 10u^2u_{xxx} + u_{xxxxx} ) = 0,\quad t> 0, \ x \in \mathbb{R},\\ & u(x, 0) = u_0(x), \quad x \in \mathbb{R}, \end{array} \] where \(\alpha > 0\) and \(\beta > 0\) are the third- and fifth-order dispersion coefficients matching with the relevant nonlinear terms, respectively, and \(u_0(x)\) is sufficiently smooth and rapidly decaying as \(|x| \to \infty\). The authors obtain the exact formula for the asymptotics of the solution \(u(x,t)\) to the Cauchy problem above in two transition regions: (1) \(\left|\frac{x}{t} + \frac{9\alpha^2}{20\beta}\right|t^{2/3} < c\); (2) \(\left|\frac{x}{t}\right|t^{2/3} < c\).
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