The Waring's problem over finite fields through generalized Paley graphs

DOI10.1016/J.DISC.2021.112324MaRDI QIDQ2659237zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Ricardo A. Podestá, Denis E. Videla

Publication date 25 March 2021

Published in Discrete Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.12664

zbMATH Keywords

Cayley graphsfinite fieldsgeneralized Paley graphsvariant of Waring problem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Arithmetic combinatorics; higher degree uniformity (11B30) Waring's problem and variants (11P05)

Abstract: We show that the Waring's number over a finite field $mathbb{F}_q$, denoted $g(k,q)$, when exists, coincides with the diameter of the generalized Paley graph $Gamma(k,q)=Cay(mathbb{F}_q,R_k)$ with $R_k=x^k:xinmathbb{F}_q^{\ast }$. We find infinite new families of exact values of $g(k,q)$ from a characterization of graphs $Gamma(k,q)$ which are also Hamming graphs previously proved by Lim and Praeger in 2009. Then, we show that every positive integer is the Waring number for some pair $(k,q)$ with $q$ not a prime. Finally, we find a lower bound for $g(k,p)$ with $p$ prime by using that $Gamma(k,p)$ is a circulant graph in this case.

Review text

Given a positive integer \(k\), and a finite field \(\mathbb{F}_q\), let \(g(k,q)\) be the smallest positive integer \(m\) such that every sum of \(k\)-th powers in \(\mathbb{F}_q\) is a sum of \(m\) \(k\)-th powers. The paper considers the case when the set of these sums equal the full field, and computes \(g(k,q)\) with a novel approach, namely computing instead the size of certain appropriate Cayley graph. One of the many interesting results is the following: Theorem. Let \(p\) be an odd prime congruent to \(1\) modulo a given even number \(n\). Then \[ g \left(\frac{p-1}{n},p\right) \geq \frac{1}{2} \left(p \left({\frac{n}{2}}\right)! \right)^{\frac{2}{n}}-\frac{n+2}{4}. \] The paper is very detailed and well written.

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Cites work

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Cited in

(14)

• Cayley digraphs associated to arithmetic groups
• On diagonal equations over finite fields via walks in NEPS of graphs
• A reduction formula for Waring numbers through generalized Paley graphs
• An analogue of Furstenberg-Sárközy's theorem and an alternative solution to Waring's problem over finite fields
• Paley-like graphs over finite fields from vector spaces
• An improvement of Grannell-Griggs-Murphy's theorem
• The weight distribution of irreducible cyclic codes associated with decomposable generalized Paley graphs
• Waring numbers over finite commutative local rings
• Generalized Paley graphs equienergetic with their complements
• Diameter lower bounds for Waring graphs and multiloop networks
• Connected components and non-bipartiteness of generalized Paley graphs
• Spectral properties of generalized Paley graphs of (q^+1)th powers and applications
• Number of cliques of Paley-type graphs over finite commutative local rings
• Spectral properties of generalized Paley graphs

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