Algebraic approach to Bose-Einstein condensation in relativistic quantum field theory: spontaneous symmetry breaking and the Goldstone theorem

DOI10.1007/S00023-020-00984-4zbMATH Open1461.81070arXiv1911.01829OpenAlexW3109165809MaRDI QIDQ2662004FDOQ2662004

Nicola Pinamonti, Romeo Brunetti, Klaus Fredenhagen

Publication date: 8 April 2021

Published in: Annales Henri Poincaré (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We construct states describing Bose Einstein condensates at finite temperature for a relativistic massive complex scalar field with $|varphi{|}^4$-interaction. We start with the linearised theory over a classical condensate and construct interacting fields by perturbation theory. Using the concept of thermal masses, equilibrium states at finite temperature can be constructed by the methods developed in arXiv:1306.6519 and arXiv:1502.02705. Here, the principle of perturbative agreement plays a crucial role. The apparent conflict with Goldstone's Theorem is resolved by the fact that the linearised theory breaks the $U(1)$ symmetry, hence the theorem applies only to the full series but not to the truncations at finite order which therefore can be free of infrared divergences.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.01829

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Symmetry breaking in quantum theory (81R40) Model quantum field theories (81T10) Perturbative methods of renormalization applied to problems in quantum field theory (81T15) Phase transitions (general) in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B26) Statistical thermodynamics (82B30) General theory of von Neumann algebras (46L10) Applications of selfadjoint operator algebras to physics (46L60) Bosonic systems in quantum theory (81V73)

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Cited In (6)

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• Møller operators and Hadamard states for Dirac fields with MIT boundary conditions
• The Unruh-DeWitt model and its joint interacting Hilbert space
• The connection between nonzero density and spontaneous symmetry breaking for interacting scalars
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• Paracausal deformations of Lorentzian metrics and Møller isomorphisms in algebraic quantum field theory

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