The structure of Cartan subgroups in Lie groups

DOI10.1007/S00209-021-02704-YMaRDI QIDQ2664650zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Yanyan Li

Publication date 17 November 2021

Published in Mathematische Zeitschrift (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.12194

zbMATH Keywords

Cartan subgroupsLevi decompositionpower maps

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General properties and structure of real Lie groups (22E15) Nilpotent and solvable Lie groups (22E25)

Abstract: We study properties and the structure of Cartan subgroups in a connected Lie group. We obtain a characterisation of Cartan subgroups which generalises W"ustner's structure theorem for the same. We show that Cartan subgroups are same as those of the centralizers of maximal compact subgroups of the radical. Moreover, we describe a recipe for constructing Cartan subgroups containing certain nilpotent subgroups in a connected solvable Lie group. We characterise the Cartan subgroups in the quotient group modulo a closed normal subgroup as the images of the Cartan subgroups in the ambient group. We also study the density of the images of power maps on a connected Lie group and show that the image of any $k$-th power map has dense image if its restriction to a closed normal subgroup and the corresponding map on the quotient group have dense images.

Review text

A Cartan subgroup of a connected Lie group \(G\) is a maximal nilpotent subgroup \(C\) of \(G\) with the property that if \(L\) is any closed normal subgroup of finite index in \(C\), then \(L\) has finite index in its own normaliser in \(G\). In this paper, we study properties and the structure of Cartan subgroups in a connected Lie group. One obtains a characterisation of Cartan subgroups which generalises Wüstner's structure theorem for the same: it is shown that Cartan subgroups are same as those of the centralisers of maximal compact subgroups of the radical. Moreover, the authors describe a recipe for constructing Cartan subgroups containing certain nilpotent subgroups in a connected solvable Lie group. Next, we characterise the Cartan subgroups in the quotient group modulo a closed normal subgroup as the images of the Cartan subgroups in the ambient group. Finally, one studies the density of the images of power maps on a connected Lie group and show that the image of any \(k\)-th power map has dense image if its restriction to a closed normal subgroup and the corresponding map on the quotient group have dense images. The results of the paper are spread out in five sections.

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Cited in

(10)

• Actions of Cartan subgroups
• Non-Lie subgroups in Lie groups over local fields of positive characteristic
• Compact elements and Cartan subgroups of connected Lie groups
• Cartan-decomposition subgroups of \(\mathrm{SU}(2,n)\)
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• On stable Cartan subgroups of Lie groups
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