Formulas for Diophantine quintuples containing two pairs of conjugates in some quadratic fields
Let \(R\) be a commutative ring with the unity. A Diophantine \(m\)-tuple in \(R\) is a set of \(m\) elements in \(R\setminus \{0\}\) such that the product of any two of its distinct elements increased by the unity is a square in \(R\). A Diophantine triple \(\{a_1, a_2, a_3\}\) can be extended to a Diophantine quadruple by adding one of the following two elements (if they are not equal to 0): \(d_{\pm} = a_1 + a_2 + a_3 + 2a_1a_2a_3 \pm 2rst\), where \(a_1a_2 +1 = r^2\), \(a_1a_3+1 = s^2\), \(a_2a_3+1 = t^2\). Sets of the form \(\{a_1, a_2, a_3, d_{-}\}\) and \(\{a_1, a_2, a_3, d_{+}\}\) (if \(d_{\pm} \neq 0\)) are called regular Diophantine quadruples. If \(d_{-}d_{+} + 1 = \square\) and \(d_{\pm} \neq 0\), then \(\{a_1, a_2, a_3, d_{+}, d_{-}\}\) represents a Diophantine quintuple and such a set will be called a biregular Diophantine quintuple.\par In this paper, the biregular Diophantine quintuples in the ring \(\mathbb{Z}[\sqrt{D}]\), where \(D\) is a positive integer which is not a perfect square, are studied. Suppose that \(D = 1 + n^2(n + 1)^2\), where \(n\) is a positive integer. Then, it is proved that there exists a biregular Diophantine quintuple in \(\mathbb{Z}[\sqrt{D}]\) of the form \(\{e, a + b\sqrt{D}, a -b\sqrt{D}, c + d\sqrt{D}, c-d\sqrt{D}\}\), such that \(a, b, c, d, e \in \mathbb{Z}\) and \(c \pm d \sqrt{D}\) correspond to the regular extensions \(d_{\pm}\) generated by the triple \(\{e, a + b\sqrt{D}, a - b\sqrt{D}\}\).
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