Arithmetic differential equations on GL_n. III: Galois groups

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Abstract: Differential equations have arithmetic analogues in which derivatives are replaced by Fermat quotients; these analogues are called arithmetic differential equations and the present paper is concerned with the "linear" ones. The equations themselves were introduced in a previous paper. In the present paper we deal with the solutions of these equations as well as with the differential Galois groups attached to the solutions.


A concept of of arithmetic linear differential equation on an algebraic group was introduced by the authors [Sel. Math., New Ser. 22, No. 2, 447--528 (2016; Zbl 1348.11035)] in order to build an arithmetic analogue Kolchin theory developed in the framework of differential algebra. In this paper, the authors show how to attach a Galois group to each given solution of a given arithmetic linear differential equation and to study some basic properties of this group. Although the paper is a continuation of two previous papers of these authors, it is entirely independent of these papers.











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