Reflective and coreflective subcategories

DOI10.1016/J.JPAA.2022.107267MaRDI QIDQ2684775zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Septimiu Crivei, Manuel Saorín, Manuel C. Izurdiaga

Publication date 17 February 2023

Published in Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.05111

(co)reflective subcategory (pre)abelian category (pre)triangulated category additive category exactly definable category finitely accessible category fully exact subcategory

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Adjoint functors (universal constructions, reflective subcategories, Kan extensions, etc.) (18A40) Accessible and locally presentable categories (18C35) Preadditive, additive categories (18E05) Abelian categories, Grothendieck categories (18E10) Derived categories, triangulated categories (18G80)

Abstract: Given any additive category

m a t h c a l C

with split idempotents, pseudokernels and pseudocokernels, we show that a subcategory

m a t h c a l B

is coreflective if, and only if, it is precovering, closed under direct summands and each morphism in

m a t h c a l B

has a pseudocokernel in

m a t h c a l C

that belongs to

m a t h c a l B

. We apply this result and its dual to, among others, preabelian and pretriangulated categories. As a consequence, we show that a subcategory of a preabelian category is coreflective if, and only it, it is precovering and closed under taking cokernels. On the other hand, if

m a t h c a l C

is pretriangulated with split idempotents, then a subcategory

m a t h c a l B

is coreflective and invariant under the suspension functor if, and only if, it is precovering and closed under taking direct summands and cones. These are extensions of well-known results for AB3 abelian and triangulated categories, respectively. By-side applications of these results allow us: a) To characterize the coreflective subcategories of a given AB3 abelian category which have a set of generators and are themselves abelian, abelian exact or module categories; b) to extend to module categories over arbitrary small preadditive categories a result of Gabriel and De la Pe~na stating that all fully exact subcategories are bireflective; c) to show that, in any Grothendieck category, the direct limit closure of its subcategory of finitely presented objects is a coreflective subcategory.

Review text

The celebrated Freyd's adjoint functor theorem [\textit{P. Freyd}, Abelian categories. An introduction to the theory of functors. New York-Evanston-London: Harper and Row, Publishers (1964; Zbl 0121.02103); Repr. Theory Appl. Categ. 2003, No. 3, xxiii, 1--164 (2003; Zbl 1041.18001), Chapter 3] claims that a functor \(F:\mathcal{B}\rightarrow \mathcal{C}\) with \(\mathcal{B}\) complete is of a left adjoint iff it preserves all limits and abides by a so-called solution-set conditions. The conjunction of product-preserving plus the solution-set condition is highly related to the condition that the essential image \(\mathrm{Im}(F)\) is a preenveoping categoryf of \(\mathcal{C}\). The natural question to aski is whether this condition is also sufficient. This paper is mainly interested in the case when \(\mathcal{C}\) is an arbitrary additive category and \(F\) is the inclusion functor. The paper aims to give necessary and sufficient conditions for the subcategory \(\mathcal{B}\) to be (co)reflective, asking what are the minimal conditions to add to the preenveloping (resp. precovering) condition on \(\mathcal{B}\) for to be a reflective (resp. coreflective) subcategory of \(\mathcal{C}\). The authors' interest in the question comes from a result of \textit{A. Neeman} [Ann. Math. (2) 171, No. 3, 2143--2155 (2010; Zbl 1205.18008), Proposition 1.4] claiming that if \(\mathcal{C}\) is a triangulated category with split idempotents, then a full triangulated subcategory \(\mathcal{B}\) is coreflective iff it is precovering and closed under direct summands, which was slightly generalized by \textit{M. Saorín} and \textit{J. Šťovíček} [Adv. Math. 228, No. 2, 968--1007 (2011; Zbl 1235.18010), Proposition 3.11] to the mere assumption that \(\mathcal{B}\) is a suspended subcategory. The common flavor of these results in triangulated and abelian worlds leads the authors to study the above mentioned question in a general context that includes both worlds. The synopsis of the paper goes as follows. \begin{itemize} \item[\S 2] introduces most of the concepts required in this paper. \item[\S 3] gives the basic Theorem 3.1 claiming that if \(\mathcal{C}\) is any additive category with split idempotents, pseudokernels and pseudocokernels, then a subcategory \(\mathcal{B}\) is coreflective iff it is precovering, closed under direct summands and every morphism in \(\mathcal{B}\) has a pseudocokernel in \(\mathcal{C}\) that belongs to \(\mathcal{B}\). \item[\S 4] applies these theorems to one-sided triangulated categories and pretriangulated categories in the sense of [\textit{A. Beligiannis} and \textit{I. Reiten}, Homological and homotopical aspects of torsion theories. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2007; Zbl 1124.18005)]. \item[\S 5] considers any abelian category \(\mathcal{A}\) and any preenveloping (resp. precovering) subcategory \(\mathcal{P}\), in which case the stable category \underline{\(\mathcal{A}\)}\(=\mathcal{A}/\mathcal{P}\) is a right (resp. left) triangulated category. \item[\S 6] shows that exactly definable additive categories have split idempotents, pseudokernels and pseudocokernels (Proposition 6.3), so that Theorem 3.1 applies to them. \item[\S 7] shows that if \(\mathcal{A}\) is a preabelian category, then a subcategory \(\mathcal{B}\) is coreflective iff it is precovering and closed under taking cokernels. In the particular case when \(\mathcal{A}\) is abelian, a handy criterion for such a coreflective subcategory to be also abelian is given (Theorem 7.6). \item[\S 8] gives necessary and sufficient conditions for the subcategory \(\mathrm{Pres}(\mathcal{U})\) of objects presented by some set \(\mathcal{U}\) of objects to be coreflective, coreflective abelian or coreflective abelian exact, respectively (Theorems 8.5, 8.6 and 8.9). \item[\S 9] shows several applications of the previous results. It is particularly shown (Theorem 9.14) that fully exact subcategories of module categories over small preadditive categories are always bireflective, being exactly the ones induced by an epimorphism of preadditive categories, which is an extension of the famous theorem of \textit{P. Gabriel} and \textit{J. A. de la Peña} [Commun. Algebra 15, 279--307 (1987; Zbl 0609.16013)] claiming the result for module categories over rings. \end{itemize}

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