On the Lagrangian formulation of multidimensionally consistent systems

DOI10.1098/RSPA.2011.0124zbMATH Open1239.39005arXiv1008.1952OpenAlexW3100876231WikidataQ59902779 ScholiaQ59902779MaRDI QIDQ2889173FDOQ2889173

Authors: Pavlos Xenitidis, Frank Nijhoff, Sarah Lobb 

Publication date: 4 June 2012

Published in: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Multidimensional consistency has emerged as a key integrability property for partial difference equations (P$Delta$Es) defined on the "space-time" lattice. It has led, among other major insights, to a classification of scalar affine-linear quadrilateral P$Delta$Es possessing this property, leading to the so-called ABS list. Recently, a new variational principle has been proposed that describes the multidimensional consistency in terms of discrete Lagrangian multi-forms. This description is based on a fundamental and highly nontrivial property of Lagrangians for those integrable lattice equations, namely the fact that on the solutions of the corresponding P$Delta$E the Lagrange forms are closed, i.e. they obey a {it closure relation}. Here we extend those results to the continuous case: it is known that associated with the integrable P$Delta$Es there exist systems of PDEs, in fact differential equations with regard to the parameters of the lattice as independent variables, which equally possess the property of multidimensional consistency. In this paper we establish a universal Lagrange structure for affine-linear quad-lattices alongside a universal Lagrange multi-form structure for the corresponding continuous PDEs, and we show that the Lagrange forms possess the closure property.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1008.1952

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zbMATH Keywords

integrable systemssymmetriesmultidimensional consistencyLagrangians

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Geometric theory, characteristics, transformations in context of PDEs (35A30) Dynamical aspects of finite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems (37J99) Discrete version of topics in analysis (39A12) Partial difference equations (39A14)

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• Semi-discrete Lagrangian 2-forms and the Toda hierarchy
• Symmetries and conservation laws of lattice Boussinesq equations
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• On the Lagrangian structure of 3D consistent systems of asymmetric quad-equations

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