Time dependent Schrödinger equation for black hole evaporation: No information loss

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2014.11.002zbMATH Open1343.81048arXiv1304.1899OpenAlexW1985495632MaRDI QIDQ307113FDOQ307113

Christian Corda

Publication date: 1 September 2016

Published in: Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In 1976 S. Hawking claimed that "Because part of the information about the state of the system is lost down the hole, the final situation is represented by a density matrix rather than a pure quantum state" (Verbatim from ref. 2). This was the starting point of the popular "black hole (BH) information paradox". In a series of papers, together with collaborators, we naturally interpreted BH quasi-normal modes (QNMs) in terms of quantum levels discussing a model of excited BH somewhat similar to the historical semi-classical Bohr model of the structure of a hydrogen atom. Here we explicitly write down, for the same model, a time dependent Schr"odinger equation for the system composed by Hawking radiation and BH QNMs. The physical state and the correspondent wave function are written in terms of an unitary evolution matrix instead of a density matrix. Thus, the final state results to be a pure quantum state instead of a mixed one. Hence, Hawking's claim is falsified because BHs result to be well defined quantum mechanical systems, having ordered, discrete quantum spectra, which respect 't Hooft's assumption that Schr"oedinger equations can be used universally for all dynamics in the universe. As a consequence, information comes out in BH evaporation in terms of pure states in an unitary time dependent evolution. In Section 4 of this paper we show that the present approach permits also to solve the entanglement problem connected with the information paradox.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1304.1899

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zbMATH Keywords

quantum informationblack hole information paradoxunitary evolution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Measures of information, entropy (94A17) Time-dependent Schrödinger equations and Dirac equations (35Q41) Quantum coherence, entanglement, quantum correlations (81P40) Quantum information, communication, networks (quantum-theoretic aspects) (81P45) Black holes (83C57)

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Cited In (25)

• Spacetime can be neither discrete nor continuous
• Quantum information capsule and information delocalization by entanglement in multiple-qubit systems
• Information-carrying Hawking radiation and the number of microstate for a black hole
• The anomalous gyromagnetic ratio
• Braneworld black holes and entropy bounds
• The effect of hadronic Rindler horizon on hadronization process
• Evaporation and antievaporation instabilities
• Space–time geometry and the velocity of light
• Information recovery with Hawking radiation from dynamical horizons
• Entropy, temperature and internal energy of trapped gravitons and corrections to the black hole entropy
• Schrödinger and Klein–Gordon theories of black holes from the quantization of the Oppenheimer and Snyder gravitational collapse
• Quasi-normal modes: The ``electrons of black holes as ``gravitational atoms? Implications for the black hole information puzzle
• Quantum distinguishability and geometric discord in the background of Schwarzschild space-time
• On some information-geometric aspects of Hawking radiation as tunneling
• On quasi-normal modes, area quantization and Bohr correspondence principle
• Black hole evaporation: information loss but no paradox
• Hawking radiation-quasi-normal modes correspondence and effective states for nonextremal Reissner-Nordström black holes
• Self-regular black holes quantized by means of an analogue to hydrogen atoms
• Metric fluctuations in higher-dimensional black holes
• Information is Not Lost in the Evaporation of 2D Black Holes
• Information paradox in a Kerr-Newman black hole under generalized Hawking radiation
• Tunnelling mechanism in noncommutative space with generalized uncertainty principle and Bohr-like black hole
• NO BLACK HOLE INFORMATION PUZZLE IN A RELATIONAL UNIVERSE
• A logical approach to entanglement
• Revisiting the tunneling of charged particles and information recovery from Kerr-Newman black holes

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