A proof of the positive density conjecture for integer Apollonian circle packings

DOI10.1090/S0894-0347-2011-00707-8zbMATH Open1228.11035arXiv1001.3894OpenAlexW2008002526WikidataQ123001006 ScholiaQ123001006MaRDI QIDQ3173299FDOQ3173299

Authors: Elena Fuchs, Jean Bourgain 

Publication date: 27 September 2011

Published in: Journal of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: A bounded Apollonian circle packing (ACP) is an ancient Greek construction which is made by repeatedly inscribing circles into the triangular interstices in a Descartes configuration of four mutually tangent circles. Remarkably, if the original four circles have integer curvature, all of the circles in the packing will have integer curvature as well. In this paper, we compute a lower bound for the number $kappa(P,X)$ of integers less than $X$ occurring as curvatures in a bounded integer ACP $P$, and prove a conjecture of Graham, Lagarias, Mallows, Wilkes, and Yan that the ratio $kappa(P,X)/X$ is greater than 0 for $X$ tending to infinity.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1001.3894

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zbMATH Keywords

sieve methodscircle methodquadratic formsnumber theoryApollonian packings

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quadratic and bilinear Diophantine equations (11D09) General ternary and quaternary quadratic forms; forms of more than two variables (11E20) Lattice packing and covering (number-theoretic aspects) (11H31) Circle packings and discrete conformal geometry (52C26) General binary quadratic forms (11E16)

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Cited In (26)

• Spatial Statistics of Apollonian Gaskets
• The local-global principle for integral Soddy sphere packings
• On integral Apollonian circle packings
• Apollonian circle packings: dynamics and number theory
• The Apollonian structure of Bianchi groups
• Estimates for representation numbers of binary quadratic forms and Apollonian circle packings
• Recursive sequences in the Ford sphere packing
• Effective circle count for Apollonian packings and closed horospheres
• Integral points on Markoff type cubic surfaces
• Apollonian packings and Kac-Moody root systems
• Radial density in Apollonian packings
• The Hausdorf dimension of the Apollonian packing of circles
• Counting problems in Apollonian packings
• Some Experiments with Integral Apollonian Circle Packings
• Quantitative ergodic theorems and their number-theoretic applications
• Local-global principles in circle packings
• From Apollonius to Zaremba: local-global phenomena in thin orbits
• The sensual Apollonian circle packing
• Integral Apollonian circle packings and prime curvatures
• Expander graphs in pure and applied mathematics
• Strong approximation in the Apollonian group
• The Apollonian structure of integer superharmonic matrices
• Working session: Thin groups and super-approximation. Abstracts from the working session held October 10--15, 2021 (hybrid meeting)
• On the deformation of ball packings
• On the local-global conjecture for integral Apollonian gaskets. With an appendix by Péter P. Varjú
• On the local-global principle for integral Apollonian 3-circle packings

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