Quantum violation of fluctuation-dissipation theorem

DOI10.1088/1742-5468/AA5A67zbMATH Open1456.81030arXiv1610.03161OpenAlexW3098515833MaRDI QIDQ3302971FDOQ3302971

Authors: Akira Shimizu, Kyota Fujikura 

Publication date: 11 August 2020

Published in: Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study quantum measurements of temporal equilibrium fluctuations in macroscopic quantum systems. It is shown that the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, as a relation between observed quantities, is partially violated in quantum systems, even if measurements are made in an ideal way that emulates classical ideal measurements as closely as possible. This is a genuine quantum effect that survives on a macroscopic scale. We also show that the state realized during measurements of temporal equilibrium fluctuations is a `squeezed equilibrium state,' which is macroscopically identical to the pre-measurement equilibrium state but is squeezed by the measurement. It is a time-evolving state, in which macrovariables fluctuate and relax. We also explain some of subtle but important points, careless treatments of which often lead to unphysical results, of the linear response theory.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.03161

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum measurement theory, state operations, state preparations (81P15)

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Cited In (5)

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• The Tasaki–Crooks quantum fluctuation theorem
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