The ZX-calculus is complete for stabilizer quantum mechanics

DOI10.1088/1367-2630/16/9/093021zbMATH Open1451.81014arXiv1307.7025OpenAlexW3103730115WikidataQ64356747 ScholiaQ64356747MaRDI QIDQ3386971FDOQ3386971

Miriam Backens

Publication date: 12 January 2021

Published in: New Journal of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The ZX-calculus is a graphical calculus for reasoning about quantum systems and processes. It is known to be universal for pure state qubit quantum mechanics, meaning any pure state, unitary operation and post-selected pure projective measurement can be expressed in the ZX-calculus. The calculus is also sound, i.e. any equality that can be derived graphically can also be derived using matrix mechanics. Here, we show that the ZX-calculus is complete for pure qubit stabilizer quantum mechanics, meaning any equality that can be derived using matrices can also be derived pictorially. The proof relies on bringing diagrams into a normal form based on graph states and local Clifford operations.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.7025

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General and philosophical questions in quantum theory (81P05) Quantum measurement theory, state operations, state preparations (81P15) Logical foundations of quantum mechanics; quantum logic (quantum-theoretic aspects) (81P10) Quantum gates (81P65)

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