Universal dynamics on the way to thermalization

DOI10.1088/1367-2630/16/9/093052zbMATH Open1451.81391arXiv1206.3181OpenAlexW3103383561MaRDI QIDQ3386983FDOQ3386983

Authors: Boris Nowak, Jan Schole, Thomas Gasenzer 

Publication date: 12 January 2021

Published in: New Journal of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: It is demonstrated how a many-body system far from thermal equilibrium can exhibit universal dynamics in passing a non-thermal fixed point. As an example, the process of Bose-Einstein (BE) condensation of a dilute cold gas is considered. If the particle flux into the low-energy modes, induced, e.g., by a cooling quench, is sufficiently strong, the Bose gas develops a characteristic power-law single-particle spectrum $n(k)sim{k}^{-5}$, and critical slowing down in time occurs. The fixed point is shown to be marked by the creation and dilution of tangled vortex lines. Alternatively, for a weak cooling quench and particle flux, the condensation process runs quasi adiabatically, passing by the fixed point in far distance, and signatures of critical scaling remain absent.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.3181

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Many-body theory; quantum Hall effect (81V70) Quantum dynamics and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82C10)

Cites Work

• Phase space representation of quantum dynamics
• Nonthermal fixed points and the functional renormalization group
• Wave turbulence and vortices in Bose--Einstein condensation

Cited In (9)

• Prethermalization and universal dynamics in near-integrable quantum systems
• An exact thermodynamical model of power-law temperature time scaling
• Universal interpretation of efficacy parameter in perturbed nonequilibrium systems
• A collision between dynamics and thermodynamics
• Quench dynamics and relaxation in isolated integrable quantum spin chains
• Strongly anomalous non-thermal fixed point in a quenched two-dimensional Bose gas
• On the speed of fluctuations around thermodynamic equilibrium
• Non-equilibrium dynamics of ultracold lattice bosons inside a cavity
• Non-thermal fixed point in a holographic superfluid

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