Point counting for foliations over number fields
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Publication:3390109
Abstract: We consider an algebraic variety and its foliation, both defined over a number field. We prove upper bounds for the geometric complexity of the intersection between a leaf of the foliation and a subvariety of complementary dimension (also defined over a number field). Our bounds depend polynomially on the degrees, logarithmic heights, and the logarithmic distance to a certain emph{locus of unlikely intersections}. Under suitable conditions on the foliation, we show that this implies a bound, polynomial in the degree and height, for the number of algebraic points on transcendental sets defined using such foliations. We deduce several results in Diophantine geometry. i) Following Masser-Zannier, we prove that given a pair of sections of a non-isotrivial family of squares of elliptic curves that do not satisfy a constant relation, whenever are simultaneously torsion their order of torsion is bounded effectively by a polynomial in the degrees and log-heights of the sections . In particular the set of such simultaneous torsion points is effectively computable in polynomial time. ii) Following Pila, we prove that given there is an (ineffective) upper bound, polynomial in the degree and log-height of V, for the degrees and discriminants of maximal special subvarieties. In particular it follows that Andr'e-Oort for powers of the modular curve is decidable in polynomial time (by an algorithm depending on a universal, ineffective Siegel constant). iii) Following Schmidt, we show that our counting result implies a Galois-orbit lower bound for torsion points on elliptic curves of the type previously obtained using transcendence methods by David.
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