Strong minimality and the j-function

DOI10.4171/JEMS/761zbMATH Open1484.03064arXiv1402.4588OpenAlexW2962889401MaRDI QIDQ679665FDOQ679665

Authors: James Freitag, T. J. Scanlon 

Publication date: 19 January 2018

Published in: Journal of the European Mathematical Society (JEMS) (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We show that the order three algebraic differential equation over $mathbbQ$ satisfied by the analytic $j$-function defines a non-$alep{h}_0$-categorical strongly minimal set with trivial forking geometry relative to the theory of differentially closed fields of characteristic zero answering a long-standing open problem about the existence of such sets. The theorem follows from Pila's modular Ax-Lindemann-Weierstrass with derivatives theorem using Seidenberg's embedding theorem and a theorem of Nishioka on the differential equations satisfied by automorphic functions. As a by product of this analysis, we obtain a more general version of the modular Ax-Lindemann-Weierstrass theorem, which, in particular, applies to automorphic functions for arbitrary arithmetic subgroups of $S{L}_2(mathbbZ)$. We then apply the results to prove effective finiteness results for intersections of subvarieties of products of modular curves with isogeny classes. For example, we show that if $psi:{mathbbP}^{1}o{mathbbP}^1$ is any non-identity automorphism of the projective line and $tin{mathbbA}^1(mathbbC)smallsetminus{mathbbA}^1({mathbbQ}^{e}xtalg)$, then the set of $sin{mathbbA}^1(mathbbC)$ for which the elliptic curve with $j$-invariant $s$ is isogenous to the elliptic curve with $j$-invariant $t$ and the elliptic curve with $j$-invariant $psi(s)$ is isogenous to the elliptic curve with $j$-invariant $psi(t)$ has size at most $36^7$. In general, we prove that if $V$ is a Kolchin-closed subset of ${mathbbA}^n$, then the Zariski closure of the intersection of $V$ with the isogeny class of a tuple of transcendental elements is a finite union of weakly special subvarieties. We bound the sum of the degrees of the irreducible components of this union by a function of the degree and order of $V$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1402.4588

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zbMATH Keywords

Schwarzian derivativestrong minimality\(j\)-functionforking triviality

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Model-theoretic algebra (03C60) Modular and automorphic functions (11F03) Differential algebra (12H05)

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Cited In (23)

• Isolated types of finite rank: an abstract Dixmier-Moeglin equivalence
• Adequate predimension inequalities in differential fields
• Some effective estimates for André-Oort in \(Y(1)^n\)
• Algebraic differential equations from covering maps
• Positive characteristic Ax-Schanuel
• The existential closedness and Zilber-Pink conjectures
• Differential existential closedness for the 𝑗-function
• Bezout-type theorems for differential fields
• Weak modular Zilber-Pink with derivatives
• Rigid differentially closed fields
• Generic differential equations are strongly minimal
• Ax-Schanuel and strong minimality for the \(j\)-function
• Corps différentiels et flots géodésiques I : Orthogonalité aux constantes pour les équations différentielles autonomes
• The Hauptmodul at elliptic points of certain arithmetic groups
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• Point counting for foliations over number fields
• Generic planar algebraic vector fields are strongly minimal and disintegrated
• When any three solutions are independent
• Geometric triviality of the strongly minimal second Painlevé equations
• Some functional transcendence results around the Schwarzian differential equation
• Ax-Lindemann-Weierstrass with derivatives and the genus 0 Fuchsian groups
• A closure operator respecting the modular \(j\)-function
• Tameness in geometry and arithmetic: beyond o-minimality

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