Strong minimality and the j-function

DOI10.4171/JEMS/761zbMATH Open1484.03064OpenAlexW2962889401MaRDI QIDQ679665FDOQ679665

Authors James Freitag, T. J. Scanlon

Publication date 19 January 2018

Published in Journal of the European Mathematical Society (JEMS) (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1402.4588

zbMATH Keywords

Schwarzian derivativestrong minimality\(j\)-functionforking triviality

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Model-theoretic algebra (03C60) Modular and automorphic functions (11F03) Differential algebra (12H05)

Abstract: We show that the order three algebraic differential equation over $mathbbQ$ satisfied by the analytic $j$-function defines a non-$alep{h}_0$-categorical strongly minimal set with trivial forking geometry relative to the theory of differentially closed fields of characteristic zero answering a long-standing open problem about the existence of such sets. The theorem follows from Pila's modular Ax-Lindemann-Weierstrass with derivatives theorem using Seidenberg's embedding theorem and a theorem of Nishioka on the differential equations satisfied by automorphic functions. As a by product of this analysis, we obtain a more general version of the modular Ax-Lindemann-Weierstrass theorem, which, in particular, applies to automorphic functions for arbitrary arithmetic subgroups of $S{L}_2(mathbbZ)$. We then apply the results to prove effective finiteness results for intersections of subvarieties of products of modular curves with isogeny classes. For example, we show that if $psi:{mathbbP}^{1}o{mathbbP}^1$ is any non-identity automorphism of the projective line and $tin{mathbbA}^1(mathbbC)smallsetminus{mathbbA}^1({mathbbQ}^{e}xtalg)$, then the set of $sin{mathbbA}^1(mathbbC)$ for which the elliptic curve with $j$-invariant $s$ is isogenous to the elliptic curve with $j$-invariant $t$ and the elliptic curve with $j$-invariant $psi(s)$ is isogenous to the elliptic curve with $j$-invariant $psi(t)$ has size at most $36^7$. In general, we prove that if $V$ is a Kolchin-closed subset of ${mathbbA}^n$, then the Zariski closure of the intersection of $V$ with the isogeny class of a tuple of transcendental elements is a finite union of weakly special subvarieties. We bound the sum of the degrees of the irreducible components of this union by a function of the degree and order of $V$.

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Cited in

(24)

• Geometric triviality of the strongly minimal second Painlevé equations
• Differential existential closedness for the 𝑗-function
• From algebra to analysis: new proofs of theorems by Ritt and Seidenberg
• Weak modular Zilber-Pink with derivatives
• Isolated types of finite rank: an abstract Dixmier-Moeglin equivalence
• Point counting for foliations over number fields
• Generic planar algebraic vector fields are strongly minimal and disintegrated
• Algebraic differential equations from covering maps
• Bezout-type theorems for differential fields
• Some functional transcendence results around the Schwarzian differential equation
• When any three solutions are independent
• Ax-Lindemann-Weierstrass with derivatives and the genus 0 Fuchsian groups
• Generic differential equations are strongly minimal
• The existential closedness and Zilber-Pink conjectures
• Some effective estimates for André-Oort in \(Y(1)^n\)
• A closure operator respecting the modular \(j\)-function
• Ax-Schanuel and strong minimality for the \(j\)-function
• The Hauptmodul at elliptic points of certain arithmetic groups
• Differential fields and geodesic flows. I: Orthogonality to the constants for autonomous differential equations
• A Schanuel property for \(j\)
• Rigid differentially closed fields
• Positive characteristic Ax-Schanuel
• Tameness in geometry and arithmetic: beyond o-minimality
• Adequate predimension inequalities in differential fields

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