Quantum macrostates, equivalence of ensembles, and an H-theorem

DOI10.1063/1.2217810MaRDI QIDQ3441963zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Christian Maes, W. De Roeck, Karel Netočný

Publication date 16 May 2007

Published in Journal of Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0601027

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Foundations of equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B03) Quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82B10)

Abstract: Before the thermodynamic limit, macroscopic averages need not commute for a quantum system. As a consequence, aspects of macroscopic fluctuations or of constrained equilibrium require a careful analysis, when dealing with several observables. We propose an implementation of ideas that go back to John von Neumann's writing about the macroscopic measurement. We apply our scheme to the relation between macroscopic autonomy and an H-theorem, and to the problem of equivalence of ensembles. In particular, we show how the latter is related to the asymptotic equipartition theorem. The main point of departure is an expression of a law of large numbers for a sequence of states that start to concentrate, as the size of the system gets larger, on the macroscopic values for the different macroscopic observables. Deviations from that law are governed by the entropy.

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Cited in

(15)

• Large deviations in the quantum quasi-1D jellium
• Gaussian concentration bound and ensemble equivalence in generic quantum many-body systems including long-range interactions
• H-theorems from macroscopic autonomous equations
• Typical support and Sanov large deviations of correlated states
• Boltzmann's entropy during free expansion of an interacting gas
• Normal typicality and von Neumann's quantum ergodic theorem
• The unique labelling of states via Mackey's theorem
• The Shannon-McMillan theorem for AF C^-systems
• How do macrostates come about?
• A NOTE ON THE NON-COMMUTATIVE LAPLACE–VARADHAN INTEGRAL LEMMA
• Thermalization and canonical typicality in translation-invariant quantum lattice systems
• Locality and nonlocality of classical restrictions of quantum spin systems with applications to quantum large deviations and entanglement
• Boltzmann entropy of a freely expanding quantum ideal gas
• On the foundations of statistical mechanics
• Large deviations in quantum spin chains

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