Numerical radii for tensor products of matrices

DOI10.1080/03081087.2013.839669zbMATH Open1332.15050arXiv1306.2423OpenAlexW3101774999MaRDI QIDQ3455657FDOQ3455657

Authors: Hwa-Long Gau, Kuo-Zhong Wang, Pei Yuan Wu 

Publication date: 11 December 2015

Published in: Linear and Multilinear Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: For $n$-by-$n$ and $m$-by-$m$ complex matrices $A$ and $B$, it is known that the inequality $w(AotimesB)le|A|w(B)$ holds, where $w(cdot)$ and $|cdot|$ denote, respectively, the numerical radius and the operator norm of a matrix. In this paper, we consider when this becomes an equality. We show that (1) if $|A|=1$ and $w(AotimesB)=w(B)$, then either $A$ has a unitary part or $A$ is completely nonunitary and the numerical range $W(B)$ of $B$ is a circular disc centered at the origin, (2) if $|A|=|A^k|=1$ for some $k$, $1lek<infty$, then $w(A)gecos(pi/(k+2))$, and, moreover, the equality holds if and only if $A$ is unitarily similar to the direct sum of the $(k+1)$-by-$(k+1)$ Jordan block $J_{k+1}$ and a matrix $B$ with $w(B)lecos(pi/(k+2))$, and (3) if $B$ is a nonnegative matrix with its real part (permutationally) irreducible, then $w(AotimesB)=|A|w(B)$ if and only if either $p_A=infty$ or $n_{B}le{p}_A<infty$ and $B$ is permutationally similar to a block-shift matrix [[ {array}{cccc} 0 & B_1 & & & 0 & ddots & & & ddots & B_k & & & 0 {array} ]] with $k=n_B$, where $p_A=supellge1:|A^{ell}|=|A{|}^{ell}$ and $n_B=supellge1:B^{ell}eq0$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1306.2423

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zbMATH Keywords

tensor productinequalitynonnegative matrixnumerical rangenumerical radius\(S_n\)-matrix

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Multilinear algebra, tensor calculus (15A69) Positive matrices and their generalizations; cones of matrices (15B48) Miscellaneous inequalities involving matrices (15A45) Norms of matrices, numerical range, applications of functional analysis to matrix theory (15A60)

Cites Work

• Matrix Analysis
• Condition for the numerical range to contain an elliptic disc
• On the Numerical Radius of a Linear Operator
• The numerical range of \(3 \times 3\) matrices
• Numerical range ofs(φ)
• A numerical range characterization of jordan blocks
• The numerical range of a nonnegative matrix
• Numerical ranges of companion matrices
• Companion matrices: Reducibility, numerical ranges and similarity to contractions
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• On matrices whose numerical ranges have circular or weak circular symmetry
• Numerical ranges as circular discs
• Finite Blaschke products of contractions
• Numerical radius inequality for \(C_0\) contractions
• Lyapunov equations and Gram matrices

Cited In (15)

• \(A\)-numerical radius inequalities for semi-Hilbertian space operators
• The weighted numerical radius
• Operator inequalities via the triangle inequality
• Extremality of numerical radii of matrix products
• Extremality of numerical radii of tensor products of matrices
• Numerical radius inequalities for tensor product of operators
• Numerical radius of Hadamard product of matrices
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• Circular numerical ranges of partial isometries
• Structures and numerical ranges of power partial isometries
• Maximizing the numerical radii of matrices by permuting their entries
• Numerical ranges and Geršgorin discs
• Numerical radius inequalities for nonlinear operators in Hilbert spaces
• Matrix powers with circular numerical range
• On matrices whose numerical ranges have circular or weak circular symmetry

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