A non-Hermitian \mathcal{P}\mathcal{T} symmetric Bose–Hubbard model: eigenvalue rings from unfolding higher-order exceptional points

DOI10.1088/1751-8113/41/25/255206MaRDI QIDQ3531145zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors

Publication date 21 October 2008

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0802.3164

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of Lie groups to the sciences; explicit representations (22E70) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Quantum optics (81V80) Phase transitions (general) in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B26)

Abstract: We study a non-Hermitian $PT-$symmetric generalization of an $N$-particle, two-mode Bose-Hubbard system, modeling for example a Bose-Einstein condensate in a double well potential coupled to a continuum via a sink in one of the wells and a source in the other. The effect of the interplay between the particle interaction and the non-Hermiticity on characteristic features of the spectrum is analyzed drawing special attention to the occurrence and unfolding of exceptional points (EPs). We find that for vanishing particle interaction there are only two EPs of order $N+1$ which under perturbation unfold either into $[(N+1)/2]$ eigenvalue pairs (and in case of $N+1$ odd, into an additional zero-eigenvalue) or into eigenvalue triplets (third-order eigenvalue rings) and $(N+1)mod3$ single eigenvalues, depending on the direction of the perturbation in parameter space. This behavior is described analytically using perturbational techniques. More general EP unfoldings into eigenvalue rings up to $(N+1)$th order are indicated.

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Cited in

(33)

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• Searching for exceptional points and inspecting non-contractivity of trace distance in (anti-)\(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetric systems
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• Understanding partial \(\mathcal{PT}\) symmetry as weighted composition conjugation in reproducing kernel Hilbert space: an application to non-Hermitian Bose-Hubbard type Hamiltonian in Fock space
• Non-Hermitian time-dependent perturbation theory: asymmetric transitions and transitionless interactions
• Generalized Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonians exhibiting a complete non-Hermitian degeneracy
• Solvable model of quantum phase transitions and the symbolic-manipulation-based study of its multiply degenerate exceptional points and of their unfolding
• Complex Jacobi matrices generated by Darboux transformations
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• A model of three coupled wave guides and third order exceptional points
• Delocalization properties at isolated avoided crossings in Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick type Hamiltonian models
• Quasi-Hermitian lattices with imaginary zero-range interactions
• Floquet exceptional points and chirality in non-Hermitian Hamiltonians
• Using mixed many-body particle states to generate exact \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetry in a time-dependent four-well system
• Exponentially Fragile<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="script">P</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="script">T</mml:mi></mml:math>Symmetry in Lattices with Localized Eigenmodes
• $\mathcal {PT}$-symmetry breaking and maximal chirality in a nonuniform $\mathcal {PT}$ symmetric ring
• Exceptional points and domains of unitarity for a class of strongly non-Hermitian real-matrix Hamiltonians
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• Passage through exceptional point: case study
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• Balancing gain and loss in symmetrised multi-well potentials
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• A new boson realization of fusion polynomial algebras in non-Hermitian quantum mechanics: γ-deformed su(2) generators, PT -symmetry in Fock space and Higgs algebra
• Equations of motion governing the dynamics of the exceptional points of parameterically dependent nonhermitian Hamiltonians
• Analytic structure of the associated Legendre functions of the second kind
• Hopf exceptional points
• Resonances and continued-fraction Green's functions in non-Hermitian Bose-Hubbard-like quantum models
• Characterizing Liouvillian exceptional points through Newton polygons and tropical geometry
• Bose-Einstein condensates with density-dependent gauge potential and two \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetric potentials: solitons, rogue waves and nonlinear dynamics
• Triple exceptional point with unitary paths of unfolding in a three-site fermionic Swanson-like model
• Anomalous mechanisms of the loss of observability in non-Hermitian quantum models

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