Controlled impact of a disk on a water surface: cavity dynamics

DOI10.1017/S0022112009006983zbMATH Open1183.76008arXiv0804.0748OpenAlexW2136410423WikidataQ56990705 ScholiaQ56990705MaRDI QIDQ3550320FDOQ3550320

Authors: Raymond Bergmann, Devaraj van der Meer, Stephan Gekle, Arjan van der Bos, Detlef Lohse 

Publication date: 31 March 2010

Published in: Journal of Fluid Mechanics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this paper we study the transient surface cavity which is created by the controlled impact of a disk of radius h0 on a water surface at Froude numbers below 200. The dynamics of the transient free surface is recorded by high speed imaging and compared to boundary integral simulations. An excellent agreement is found between both. The flow surrounding the cavity is measured with high speed particle image velocimetry and is found to also agree perfectly with the flow field obtained from the simulations. We present a simple model for the radial dynamics of the cavity based on the collapse of an infinite cylinder. This model accounts for the observed asymmetry of the radial dynamics between the expansion and contraction phase of the cavity. It reproduces the scaling of the closure depth and total depth of the cavity which are both found to scale roughly proportional to Fr^{1/2} with a weakly Froude number dependent prefactor. In addition, the model accurately captures the dynamics of the minimal radius of the cavity, the scaling of the volume Vbubble of air entrained by the process, namely Vbubble/h0^3 proportional (1 + 0.26Fr^{1/2})Fr^{1/2}, and gives insight into the axial asymmetry of the pinch-off process.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0804.0748

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Experimental work for problems pertaining to fluid mechanics (76-05) Jets and cavities, cavitation, free-streamline theory, water-entry problems, airfoil and hydrofoil theory, sloshing (76B10)

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Cited In (26)

• Plunging cavities
• Water entry of cups and disks
• Coalescence of diffusively growing gas bubbles
• The impact of a translating plunging jet on a pool of the same liquid
• Cavity formation by the impact of leidenfrost spheres
• Water entry of rounded cylindrical bodies with different aspect ratios and surface conditions
• Viscoplastic water entry
• Investigation of free surface effect on the cavity expansion and contraction in high-speed water entry
• Jetting of viscous droplets from cavitation-induced Rayleigh-Taylor instability
• The water entry of decelerating spheres
• Impact force reduction by consecutive water entry of spheres
• Compressible air flow through a collapsing liquid cavity
• Splash wave and crown breakup after disc impact on a liquid surface
• Nucleation threshold and deactivation mechanisms of nanoscopic cavitation nuclei
• Dynamics of transient cavities
• On wedge-slamming pressures
• Impact of a high-speed train of microdrops on a liquid pool
• Air entrapment and its effect on pressure impulses in the slamming of a flat disc on water
• Highly focused supersonic microjets: numerical simulations
• Collapse and pinch-Off of a non-axisymmetric impact-created air cavity in water
• On the scaling of air entrainment from a ventilated partial cavity
• Unsteady forces on spheres during free-surface water entry
• Bubble entrapment during sphere impact onto quiescent liquid surfaces
• Cavity ripple dynamics after pinch-off
• Inertial collapse of liquid rings
• Generation and breakup of Worthington jets after cavity collapse. I: Jet formation

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