Connected components of spaces of Morse functions with fixed critical points

DOI10.3103/S0027132212010019zbMATH Open1305.58010arXiv1007.4398OpenAlexW2005076894MaRDI QIDQ355300FDOQ355300

Authors: E. A. Kudryavtseva 

Publication date: 24 July 2013

Published in: Moscow University Mathematics Bulletin (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let $M$ be a smooth closed orientable surface and $F=F_{p,q,r}$ be the space of Morse functions on $M$ having exactly $p$ critical points of local minima, $qge1$ saddle critical points, and $r$ critical points of local maxima, moreover all the points are fixed. Let $F_f$ be the connected component of a function $finF$ in $F$. By means of the winding number introduced by Reinhart (1960), a surjection $p{i}_0(F)o{mathbbZ}^{p+r-1}$ is constructed. In particular, $|p{i}_0(F)|=infty$, and the Dehn twist about the boundary of any disk containing exactly two critical points, exactly one of which is a saddle point, does not preserve $F_f$. Let $mathscrD$ be the group of orientation preserving diffeomorphisms of $M$ leaving fixed the critical points, ${mathscrD}^0$ be the connected component of ${mid}_M$ in $mathscrD$, and ${mathscrD}_{f}subsetmathscrD$ the set of diffeomorphisms preserving $F_f$. Let ${mathscrH}_f$ be the subgroup of ${mathscrD}_f$ generated by ${mathscrD}^0$ and all diffeomorphisms $hinmathscrD$ which preserve some functions $f_{1}in{F}_f$, and let ${mathscrH}_f^{mabs}$ be its subgroup generated ${mathscrD}^0$ and the Dehn twists about the components of level curves of functions $f_{1}in{F}_f$. We prove that ${mathscrH}_f^{mabs}subsetneq{mathscrD}_f$ if $qge2$, and construct an epimorphism ${mathscrD}_f/{mathscrH}_f^{mabs}o{mathbbZ}_2^{q-1}$, by means of the winding number. A finite polyhedral complex $K=K_{p,q,r}$ associated to the space $F$ is defined. An epimorphism $mu:p{i}_1(K)o{mathscrD}_f/{mathscrH}_f$ and finite generating sets for the groups ${mathscrD}_f/{mathscrD}^0$ and ${mathscrD}_f/{mathscrH}_f$ in terms of the 2-skeleton of the complex $K$ are constructed.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1007.4398

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zbMATH Keywords

Morse functions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Critical points and critical submanifolds in differential topology (57R70) Abstract critical point theory (Morse theory, Lyusternik-Shnirel'man theory, etc.) in infinite-dimensional spaces (58E05)

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Cited In (11)

• On the homotopy type of spaces of Morse functions on surfaces
• Families of Morse functions parameterized by maxima
• Homotopy dimension of orbits of Morse functions on surfaces
• Special framed Morse functions on surfaces
• Automorphisms of Kronrod-Reeb graphs of Morse functions on 2-sphere
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• Topological equivalence of smooth functions with isolated critical points on a closed surface
• Path-components of Morse mappings spaces of surfaces
• The topology of spaces of Morse functions on surfaces

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