scientific article; zbMATH DE number 17328

Group varieties (14L10) Algebraic (K)-theory and (L)-theory (category-theoretic aspects) (18F25) (K)-theory and homology; cyclic homology and cohomology (19D55)

Review text

[For the entire collection see Zbl 0723.00020.] Let \(A\) be a ring, associative with 1. For a matrix \(\alpha\in GL_ n(A)\), \([\alpha]\) will mean the image of \(\alpha\) in \(K_ 1(A)=GL(A)/E(A)\). For a scheme \(T\), write \(SL_{n,T}=SL_ n\times_{\text{Spec }\mathbb{Z}}T\), and similarly for \(GL_{n,T}\) and \(Sp_{n,T}\). Also, write \(\alpha_ n\in SL_ n\) for the universal element, thus for any morphism of schemes \(f: X\to SL_ n\) one has \(f^*(\alpha_n)\in SL_ n(\Gamma(X,{\mathcal O}_ X))\) and conversely. For a field \(F\) one has the Chern classes \(c_ k=c_ k(\alpha_ n)\in H^ k(SL_{N,F},{\mathcal K}_{k+1})\), with \(c_ 0=0\) (because \(\text{det}(\alpha_ n)=1\)) and \(c_ k=0\) for \(k\geq n\). A basic result of the paper is the following: Theorem 1. (i) For regular, Noetherian, separated \(T\), the ring \(K_ *(SL_{n,T})\) is a free \(K_ *(T)\)-module with basis consisting of products \([\bigwedge^{i_ 1}(\alpha_ n)]\cup[\bigwedge^{i_ 2}(\alpha_ n)]\cup\dots\cup[\bigwedge^{i _ k}(\alpha_ n)]\), with \(1\leq i_ 1<i_ 2<\dots<i_ k\leq n-1\), and with the empty product being equal to 1. (ii) For \(T/F\) regular, separated and of finite type, \(H^*(SL_{n,T},{\mathcal K}_ *)\) is a free \(H^*(T,{\mathcal K}_ *)\)- module with generators \(c_ 1,c_ 2,\dots,c_{n-1}\). Also, the ring structure of \(K_ *(SL_{n,T})\) is determined. The notion of `almost an exterior algebra with suitable generators' is introduced, and it is shown that \(K_ *(SL_{n,T})\) is almost an exterior algebra over \(K_ *(T)\) with explicit generators in the above sense. The same holds for \(H^*(SL_{n,T},{\mathcal K}_ *)\) over \(H^*(T,{\mathcal K}_ *)\), with generators \(c_ 1,\dots,c_{n-1}\). Corresponding results for \(GL_{n,T}\) and \(Sp_{n,T}\) are proved. The second half of the paper is concerned with the globalization of the results above. It leads to the introduction of Azumaya algebras, the effect of exterior power operations on them, and finally, to the study of norm hypersurfaces, i.e. hypersurfaces \(Y=Y^ b_{\Sigma}\) in some affine space given by an equation of the form \(\text{Nrd}=b\), where \(b\in\Gamma(S,{\mathcal O}^*_ S)\) for some base scheme \(S\), and \(\Sigma\) is an Azumaya algebra of constant rank \(n^ 2\) over \(S\). Nrd denotes the reduced norm. It is shown that, for regular, Noetherian, separated \(S\), \(K_ *(Y)\) is explicitly described by, i.e. isomorphic to, the \(K\)- theory of suitable powers of the opposed Azumaya algebra \(\Sigma^{op}\). This result admits a generalization to \(K_ *(\Theta_ Y)\), where \(\Theta\) is another Azumaya algebra over \(S\). Under suitable conditions this leads to the injectivity of the natural map for Brauer groups, Br\((F)\to \)Br\((F(Y))\), where \(Y=Y^ b_{\Sigma}\) is the norm variety associated with the central simple algebra \(\Sigma/F\) over the field \(F\), and \(b\in F^ \times\). In the last section computations of the \({\mathcal K}\)-cohomology groups of a norm variety \(Y=Y^ b_ D\), associated with a central simple algebra \(D/F\) of index \(n\) and \(b\in F^ \times\), are done. They lead to the result: Theorem 2. When \(n\) is prime to \(\text{char}(F)\), the kernel of the canonical homomorphism \(H^ 3(F,\mu_ n^{\otimes 2}) \to H^ 3(F(Y),\mu_ n^{\otimes 2})\) is a cyclic group with explicit generator (determined by \(D\) and \(b\)).

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