scientific article; zbMATH DE number 176682
convection diffusion equationconvergenceDelaunay triangulationDirichlet tessellationerror bounderror estimateill-conditionedM-matrixnon-conforming exponentially fitted Petrov-Galerkin finite element methodNumerical resultsnumerical stabilityScharfetter-Gummel methodsemi-conduction device continuity equations
Boundary value problems for second-order elliptic equations (35J25) Stability and convergence of numerical methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N12) Error bounds for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N15) Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N30) Mesh generation, refinement, and adaptive methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N50) Technical applications of optics and electromagnetic theory (78A55)
[For the entire collection see Zbl 0753.00015.] The authors present a non-conforming exponentially fitted Petrov-Galerkin finite element method based on triangular elements for a stationary convection-diffusion problem. The method is based on a discrete bilinear formulation. Existence and uniqueness of the solution are proved and an error estimate is given for an arbitrary Delaunay triangulation and its Dirichlet tessellation. The approximate solution is stable with respect to a discrete energy norm and the error bound is independent of the gradient of the exact solution. The coefficient matrix of the associated linear system is a symmetric and positive definite M-matrix but, since its entries involve exponential functions, it is ill-conditioned computationally. For numerical stability the matrix can be transformed into one having more balanced entries. When applied to the semi-conduction device continuity equations, the method can be regarded as an extension to two dimensions of the well- known one-dimensional Scharfetter-Gummel method. The resulting linear system coincides with that obtained from the box method. An error bound for the approximate solution is given which depends on the accuracy of the interpolant of the exact solution based on exponentially fitted basis functions. The convergence and conservation of the computed terminal currents is also established. Numerical results for a model problem and a real semi conductor device problem are presented graphically which establish the superiority of the exponentially fitted method over classical finite difference or finite element methods. The possibility of establishing the global \(\varepsilon\)-uniform convergence of the approximate solutions given by the exponentially fitted finite element method is envisaged which work the authors propose to undertaken in forthcoming papers.
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