Closed flux tubes and their string description in D =3+1 SU(N) gauge theories

DOI10.1007/JHEP02(2011)030zbMATH Open1294.81159arXiv1007.4720WikidataQ59270459 ScholiaQ59270459MaRDI QIDQ407280FDOQ407280

Andreas Athenodorou, Barak Bringoltz, Michael Teper

Publication date: 29 August 2014

Published in: Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We calculate the energy spectrum of a confining flux tube that is closed around a spatial torus, as a function of its length l. We do so for various SU(N) gauge theories in 3+1 dimensions, and for various values of spin, parity and longitudinal momentum. We are able to present usefully accurate results for about 20 of the lightest such states, for a range of l that begins close to the (finite volume) deconfining phase transition, and extends up to l.sqrt(K)~6 (where K is the string tension). We find that most of these low-lying states are well described by the spectrum of the Nambu-Goto free string theory in flat space-time. Remarkably, this is so not only at the larger values of l, where the gap between the ground state energy and the low-lying excitations becomes small compared to the mass gap, but also down to much shorter lengths where these excitation energies become large compared to sqrt(K), the flux-tube no longer `looks' anything like a thin string, and an expansion of the effective string action in powers of 1/l no longer converges. All this is for flux in the fundamental representation. We also calculate the k=2 (anti)symmetric ground states and these show larger corrections at small l. So far all this closely resembles our earlier findings in 2+1 dimensions. However, and in contrast to the situation in D=2+1, we also find that there are some states, with J,P=0,- quantum numbers, that show large deviations from the Nambu-Goto spectrum. We investigate the possibility that (some of) these states may encode the massive modes associated with the internal structure of the flux tube, and we discuss how the precocious free string behaviour of most states constrains the effective string action, on which much interesting theoretical progress has recently been made.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1007.4720

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zbMATH Keywords

1/N expansionlattice gauge field theorieslongstrings

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in quantum field theory (81T13) Perturbative methods of renormalization applied to problems in quantum field theory (81T15) String and superstring theories; other extended objects (e.g., branes) in quantum field theory (81T30) Quantum field theory on lattices (81T25)

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Cited In (31)

• Dual EFT bootstrap: QCD flux tubes
• From QCD strings to WZW
• Spinorial flux tubes in SO(N) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions
• A simple worldsheet black hole
• Asymptotic fragility, near \(\mathrm{AdS}_{2}\) holography and \( T\overline{T} \)
• The effective theory of long strings
• A different kind of string
• Sp(4) gauge theory on the lattice: towards SU(4)/Sp(4) composite Higgs (and beyond)
• Corrections to Nambu-Goto energy levels from the effective string action
• Four loop scattering in the Nambu-Goto theory
• On the effective theory of long open strings
• Natural tuning: towards a proof of concept
• The string spectrum from large Wilson loops
• Glueball spins in \(D = 3\) Yang-Mills
• Looking for integrability on the worldsheet of confining strings
• Quantisation of the effective string with TBA
• Spectrum of the open QCD flux tube and its effective string description I: 3d static potential in SU(\( N = 2, 3\))
• The Lorentz-invariant boundary action of the confining string and its universal contribution to the inter-quark potential
• Closed flux tubes and their string description in \(D =3+1\) SU(\(N\)) gauge theories
• Probing boundary-corrections to Nambu-Goto open string energy levels in 3d SU(2) gauge theory
• Can holography reproduce the QCD Wilson line?
• Closed flux tubes and their string description in \(D=2+1\) SU(\(N\)) gauge theories
• Strings as flux tube and deconfinement on branes in gauge theories
• QCD worldsheet axion from the bootstrap
• The static quark potential from a multilevel algorithm for the improved gauge action
• Yang-Mills glueballs as closed bosonic strings
• \(\mathrm{SU}(N)\) gauge theories in \(3+1\) dimensions: glueball spectrum, string tensions and topology
• Large-size expansion for triangular Wilson loops in confining gauge theories
• Excitations of Ising strings on a lattice
• On the spectrum and string tension of U(1) lattice gauge theory in 2 + 1 dimensions
• Theta, time reversal and temperature

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