Krawtchouk polynomials, the Lie algebra sl₂, and Leonard pairs

DOI10.1016/J.LAA.2012.02.006zbMATH Open1261.33001arXiv1201.1645OpenAlexW2033141712WikidataQ115344695 ScholiaQ115344695MaRDI QIDQ417601FDOQ417601

Authors: Kazumasa Nomura, Paul Terwilliger 

Publication date: 14 May 2012

Published in: Linear Algebra and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: A Leonard pair is a pair of diagonalizable linear transformations of a finite-dimensional vector space, each of which acts in an irreducible tridiagonal fashion on an eigenbasis for the other one. In the present paper we give an elementary but comprehensive account of how the following are related: (i) Krawtchouk polynomials; (ii) finite-dimensional irreducible modules for the Lie algebra $mathfrak{sl}_2$; (iii) a class of Leonard pairs said to have Krawtchouk type. Along the way we obtain elementary proofs of some well-known facts about Krawtchouk polynomials, such as the three-term recurrence, the orthogonality, the difference equation, and the generating function. The paper is a tutorial meant for a graduate student or a researcher unfamiliar with the above topics.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1201.1645

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zbMATH Keywords

Krawtchouk polynomialsLeonard pair

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Combinatorial aspects of representation theory (05E10) Representations of Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras, algebraic theory (weights) (17B10) Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45)

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Cited In (23)

• Near-bipartite Leonard pairs
• Leonard pairs and Leonard triples of \(q\)-Racah type from the quantum algebra \(U_q(sl_2)\)
• The Clebsch-Gordan rule for \(U(\mathfrak{sl}_2)\), the Krawtchouk algebras and the Hamming graphs
• Spectrum and eigenvectors for a class of tridiagonal matrices
• Leonard pairs from the equitable basis of sl2
• Totally bipartite Leonard pairs and totally bipartite Leonard triples of \(q\)-Racah type
• Compatibility and companions for Leonard pairs
• Using a Grassmann graph to recover the underlying projective geometry
• Double lowering operators on polynomials
• Dual polar graphs, the quantum algebra \(U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_{2})\), and Leonard systems of dual \(q\)-Krawtchouk type
• Leonard triples of Krawtchouk type
• Representations of \(sl(2)\) in the Boolean lattice, and the Hamming and Johnson schemes
• Projective geometries, \(Q\)-polynomial structures, and quantum groups
• On standard bases of irreducible modules of Terwilliger algebras of Doob schemes
• Tridiagonal test matrices for eigenvalue computations: two-parameter extensions of the Clement matrix
• Self-dual Leonard pairs
• Linking the special orthogonal algebra \(\mathfrak{so}_4\) and the tetrahedron algebra \(\boxtimes \)
• Leonard pairs and quantum algebra \(U_q(sl_{2})\)
• On Lee association schemes over \(\mathbb{Z}_4\) and their Terwilliger algebra
• Doubling (dual) Hahn polynomials: classification and applications
• LEFT AND RIGHT EIGENVECTORS OF A VARIANT OF THE SYLVESTER–KAC MATRIX
• Title not available (Why is that?)
• A \(Q\)-polynomial structure for the attenuated space poset \(\mathcal{A}_q (N, M)\)

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