scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1278120
This note was written for the proceeding of the meeting ``Studies on Homological Properties of Graded Commutative rings (Jan. 16-19, 1996, RIMS Kyoto Univ.), and consists of the introduction (Japanese) and three sections (English). Let \(\Delta\) be a simplicial complex with \(v\) vertices \(x_1,\dots,x_v\). We put \(A = k[x_1,\dots,x_v]\), the polynomial ring of \(v\) variables over a field \(k\), \(I_\Delta = (x_{i_1} \cdots x_{i_r} \mid 1 \leq i_1 < \cdots <i_r \leq v\), \(\{x_{i_1},\dots,x_{i_r}\} \notin \Delta)\) and \(k[\Delta] = A/I_\Delta\), the Stanley-Reisner ring of \(\Delta\). A cyclic polytope \(C(v,d)\) (\(d \geq 2\), \(v > d\)) is the convex hull of \(m(t_1),\dots,m(t_v)\) in \(\mathbb{R}^d\), where \(m(t) = (t,t^2,\dots,t^d)\) and \(t_1,\dots,t_v\) are distinct real numbers. It is known that \(C(v,d)\) is a simplicial \(d\)-polytope with the vertex set \(\{m(t_1),\dots,m(t_v)\}\) and its face lattice is independent of the particular values of \(t\). Therefore its boundary complex \(\Delta(C(v,d))\) is a simplicial complex having the same combinatorial structure for any choices of vertices. A simplicial complex \(\Delta\) is called Gorenstein\(^*\) over a field \(k\) if \(k[\Delta]\) is a Gorenstein ring and each \(x_i\) is a zero divisor in \(k[\Delta]\). The author raised the following problem: If \(\Delta\) is a \((d-1)\)-dimensional Gorenstein\(^*\) simplicial complex over \(k\) with \(v\) vertices, then does \[ \beta_i(k[\Delta]) \leq \beta_i(k[\Delta(C(v,d))]) \] hold? (\(\beta_i\) is the \(i\)-th Betti number over \(A\).) In particular, in the case of \(d=3\), does \(\beta_i(k[\Delta]) \leq \frac{(v-1)(v-i-3)}{i+1}\binom{v-3}{i-1}\) for \(1 \leq i \leq v-4\) hold? He gave partial results in the case of \(d=3,\;v\geq 5 \): (1) \(\beta_1(k[\Delta]) \leq \frac{(v-1)(v-4)}{2}\); (2) \(\beta_i(k[\Delta]) \leq \frac{(v-1)(v-i-3)}{i+1}\binom{v-3}{i-1}\) for \(1 \leq i \leq v-4\) if \(v \leq 12\). The author also announces a theorem due to T. Hibi and him, which gives a minimal free resolution of \(k[\Delta(C(v,d))]\) over \(A\) (\(d \geq 3\), odd), and its corollaries.
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