scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1292494
Chebyshev and Zolotarev polynomialsKolmogorov-Landau problem of sharp inequalities for intermediate derivativesLipschitz and Hölder classesperfect polynomial splinesSobolev classesWeyl-Hölder-Nikolskij classes
Continuity and related questions (modulus of continuity, semicontinuity, discontinuities, etc.) for real functions in one variable (26A15) Lipschitz (Hölder) classes (26A16) Convexity of real functions in one variable, generalizations (26A51) Inequalities involving derivatives and differential and integral operators (26D10) Inequalities in approximation (Bernstein, Jackson, Nikol'ski?-type inequalities) (41A17) Best constants in approximation theory (41A44) Applications of functional analysis in optimization, convex analysis, mathematical programming, economics (46N10) Applications of functional analysis in numerical analysis (46N40) Integral operators (47G10) Inequalities and extremum problems involving convexity in convex geometry (52A40) Fixed-point theorems on manifolds (58C30) Numerical computation using splines (65D07) Numerical differentiation (65D25) Nonconvex programming, global optimization (90C26) Multi-objective and goal programming (90C29) Nonlinear programming (90C30)
The author describes extremal functions of the Kolmogorov-Landau problem \[ f^{(m)}\rightarrow \sup, \quad f\in W^rH^\omega [\xi,b], \quad \| f \| _{C[a,b]} \leqq B, \tag{*} \] for \(0<m\leq r\), \(\xi \leq\alpha\) or \(\xi=(a+b)/2\), all \(B>0\) and concave moduli of continuity \(\omega \) on the inteval \(R_+\). He shows that any extremal function \(Z=Z_{B,r,m,\omega,\xi}\) of the problem (*) has the following properties: (1) The function \(Z^{(r)}(.)-Z^{(r)}(\xi)\) is extremal for the problem \[ \int_{\xi}^b h(t)\psi(t)dt\rightarrow sup, \quad h\in H^\omega [\xi,b], \quad h(\xi)=0, \tag{**} \] for an appropriate choice of the kernel \(\psi \) with a finite number of sign changes on \([\xi,b]\). (2) The function \(Z\) equioscilates \(n=n(B,r,m,\omega ,\xi)\geqslant r+1 \)-times on the interval \([a,b]\) between \(-B\) and \(B\). Because of analogy with the properties of extremal functions in the linear case \(\omega (t)=t\) of the problem (*) it is natural to call these functions \(Z\) as the Zolotarev and Chebyshev \(\omega\)-splines. The solution of the problem (*) leads to the qualitative description of extremal functions and sharp additive inequalities for intermediate derivatives in the Kolmogorov problems on the infinite intervals \(I=R\) or \(R^+\): \[ \| f^{(m)}\| _{L_\infty (I)} \rightarrow sup, \quad f\in W^rH^\omega(I), \qquad \| f \|_{L_\infty (I)}\leq B, \quad 0<m \leq r. \]
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