scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1014899
This is a fundamental paper on the local bifurcation theory of smooth equivariant maps. Let \(\Gamma\) be a compact Lie group, and let \(V\) be a finite dimensional real representation space of an irreducible representation of \(\Gamma\). \(\Gamma\) acts on \(V \times \mathbb{R}\) by \(g\cdot (x,\lambda) =(g\cdot x, \lambda)\). Let \(C_\Gamma^\infty(V \times \mathbb{R},V)\) denote the space of smooth equivariant maps \(f:V \times \mathbb{R}\to V\). Each \(f\in C_\Gamma^\infty (V\times \mathbb{R},V)\) is a one-parameter family \((f_\lambda)_\lambda\) of equivariant maps \(f_\lambda: V\to V\). Since \(f_\lambda\) is equivariant, \(Df_\lambda (0)= \sigma_f(\lambda) \text{Id}_V\) where \(\sigma_f: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{C}\) is a smooth map. Bifurcation of the trivial branch of fixed points only occurs, when \(|\sigma_f(0) |=1\). For this reason the author considers the space \({\mathcal M} (V,\Gamma)= \{f\in C^\infty_\Gamma (V\times \mathbb{R},V) \mid\sigma_f (\lambda) =(1+ \lambda) \exp (i\omega (\lambda))\}\), where \(\omega: \mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}\) is a smooth map. Rather than looking for branches of relative equilibria the author is interested in branches of invariant group orbits. For each \(f\in{\mathcal M} (V,\Gamma)\) the branching pattern \(\Xi (f)\) is defined. This is used to define stability of one-parameter families of equivariant maps. The stable one-parameter families of equivariant maps are generic. Stability is characterized by semi-algebraic conditions on the finite jet of the family. It is shown that the bifurcation problem on \(V\) is finitely determined. There is a number of examples, and a relation to the equivariant Hopf theorem is stated. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0857.00012].
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