Critical Ising on the square lattice mixes in polynomial time

DOI10.1007/S00220-012-1460-9zbMATH Open1250.82008arXiv1001.1613OpenAlexW2079416076MaRDI QIDQ444072FDOQ444072

Allan Sly, Eyal Lubetzky

Publication date: 13 August 2012

Published in: Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The Ising model is widely regarded as the most studied model of spin-systems in statistical physics. The focus of this paper is its dynamic (stochastic) version, the Glauber dynamics, introduced in 1963 and by now the most popular means of sampling the Ising measure. Intensive study throughout the last three decades has yielded a rigorous understanding of the spectral-gap of the dynamics on $$ everywhere except at criticality. While the critical behavior of the Ising model has long been the focus for physicists, mathematicians have only recently developed an understanding of its critical geometry with the advent of SLE, CLE and new tools to study conformally invariant systems. A rich interplay exists between the static and dynamic models. At the static phase-transition for Ising, the dynamics is conjectured to undergo a critical slowdown: At high temperature the inverse-gap is O(1), at the critical $$ it is polynomial in the side-length and at low temperature it is exponential in it. A seminal series of papers verified this on $$ except at $$ where the behavior remained a challenging open problem. Here we establish the first rigorous polynomial upper bound for the critical mixing, thus confirming the critical slowdown for the Ising model in $$. Namely, we show that on a finite box with arbitrary (e.g. fixed, free, periodic) boundary conditions, the inverse-gap at $$ is polynomial in the side-length. The proof harnesses recent understanding of the scaling limit of critical Fortuin-Kasteleyn representation of the Ising model together with classical tools from the analysis of Markov chains.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1001.1613

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zbMATH Keywords

Ising modelSchramm-Loewner evolutionGlauber dynamicscritical slowdownstatic phase-transition

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20) Phase transitions (general) in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B26) Critical phenomena in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B27) Stochastic (Schramm-)Loewner evolution (SLE) (60J67)

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Cited In (38)

• Random-cluster dynamics in \(\mathbb {Z}^2\)
• Connection probabilities and RSW‐type bounds for the two‐dimensional FK Ising model
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• The mathematics of mixing things up
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• Log‐Sobolev inequality for near critical Ising models
• Metastability of the Potts ferromagnet on random regular graphs
• Swendsen‐Wang algorithm on the mean‐field Potts model

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