Greenberg's conjecture for Zpd-extensions
Let \(p\neq 2\) be the usual fixed prime in Iwasawa theory. For any number field \(K\) let \(\widetilde K\) be the compositum of all \(\mathbb {Z}_p\)-extensions of \(K\), and let \(Y_{\widetilde K}\) be the projective limit of the \(p\)-parts of the class groups of all finite sub-extensions of \(\widetilde K / K\), projective limit taken with respect to norm maps. Then \(Y_{\widetilde K}\) is a torsion finitely generated module over the completed group ring \(\mathbb {Z}_p [[\text{Gal}(\widetilde K / K)]]\) and \textit{R. Greenberg's} Generalized Conjecture (for short (GGC), that is conjecture 3.5 in [Adv. Stud. Pure Math. 30, 335--385 (2001; Zbl 0998.11054)]) predicts that this module is pseudo-null. It would be marvelous to have criteria on extensions \(K/k\) allowing to derive the validity of (GGC) over \(K\) from its validity over \(k\). In the paper under review the author studies biquadratic extensions \(K/k\), with a emphasis on the special case \(k=\mathbb{Q}\), and proceeds to derive (GGC) for \(K\) by assuming (GGC) for all intermediate \(L\neq K\) such that \(k\subset L \subset K\). If \(K\) is totally real this is obvious and immediately extends to (totally real) extensions \(K/k\) such that \(p\nmid [K:k]\). If \(K\) is C.M., then the general case is not so clear but the author provides restrictive conditions which allow her to easily derive again (GGC) for \(K\) from (GGC) for \(k\) and some intermediate \(L\). The end of the paper gives numerical examples of fields \(K\) satisfying (GGC) for \(p=3\), obtained by using above criterias and collecting numerical data from the literature. For the totally real case all the first real quadratic fields satisfy (GGC) : see the path-breaking paper of \textit{J. Kraft} and \textit{R. Schoof} [Compos. Math. 97, No. 1--2, 135--155 (1995; Zbl 0840.11043)] and their many followers. In the non-totally real \(K\) case, even if \(K\) quadratic, much less is known. At the reviewers' knowledge the only source of numerical examples is \textit{J. Minardi's} thesis [``Iwasawa modules for \(\mathbb {Z}_p^d\)-extensions of algebraic number fields, Number theory, Proc. Conf., Montreal/Can. 1985, CMS Conf. Proc. 7, 237-- 242 (1987; Zbl 0625.12004)].
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